结构钢的韧性及影响因素本科生毕业设计说明书.docVIP

内蒙古科技大学课程论文 题 目：结构钢的韧性及影响因素 学生姓名： 学 号： 专 业：金属材料工程 班 级: 结构钢的韧性及影响因素 结构钢是用来制造各种工程结构和各种机器零件的钢种。用于制造工程结构的钢又 称为工程用钢或构件用钢。这类钢主耍承受各种静载荷，要求有较高的屈服强度，良好 的塑形和初性，以保证工程结构的讨靠性。 木文结合Me在结构钢种对初性的影响，并提出进一步需要研宄的基木问题。研宄 了不同含量的Si, Mn，Ni，Co, Cr儿种低合金结构钢的軔性分析，Si的含量在不低于 0.4%时以固溶态存在于铁素体屮，能显著提高钢的弹性极限:Mn可使钢的调质组织均 匀，细化珠光体，提高了钢的韧性;含Ni钢的含碳量可适当降低，因而可使韧性和塑性 有所改善；Co是非碳化物形成元素，Co在退火或正火状态的碳素钢中能提高综合力学 性能，使其具有超强初性。合金元素对材料軔性的影响是通过对组织的影响而起到作用 的。改变组织晶粒度，细化晶粒，细化第二相粒子，使其弥散减小间距和控制碳化物的 尺寸，数量，形状及分布。结构钢的韧性还取决于C在钢中的分布形式和碳化物形态等。 钢的强度随碳含量的增加而增加，塑形和初性随碳含量的增加而减小。 关键词：结构钢；韧性；影响因素 The toughness of the steel and its influence factorsAbstract Structural steel is used to making all kinds of engineering structures and steel grade of various kinds of machine parts. Used in the manufacture of engineering structure of the steel is also known as steel or steel components. This kind of steel under various static load, require a higher yield strength, good shape and toughness, to ensure the reliability of engineering structures. This article，combined with the structural steel grade Me influence on toughness, basic problems and further research are put forward. Studied the different content of Si，Mn，Ni，Co, Cr，several kinds of low alloy structural steel toughness analysis when the content of Si in no less than 0.4% in solid solution state exists in ferrite, can significantly increase the elastic limit of steel: Mn can make steel conditioning organization even，refine pearlite，improve the toughness of steel; Containing Ni the carbon content of steel can be appropriately reduced， thus can make the toughness and plasticity improved; Co is carbide forming elements，Co in the state of annealing or normalizing carbon steel can improve the comprehensive mechanical properties，make its have strong toughness. The influence of alloy elements on the material toughness is through the impact on the organization and play a role. Change organizational grain size, refine the grain, refine the second phase particles, reduce the dispersion spacing