微机原理ch04 ARTHIMETIC AND LOGICA INSTRUCTIONS AND PROGRAMS.docVIP

PAGE 44 ARTHIMETIC AND LOGICAL INSTRUCTIONS AND PROGRAMS USING ADDITION AND SUBTRATION Addition of unsigned numbers The form of the ADD/ADC instruction is: add dest, source ;dest = dest + source adc dest, source ;dest = dest + source + CF The instructions ADD and ADC are used to add two operands. The destination operand can be: a register in memory The source operand can be: a register in memory, or immediate Remember that memory-to-memory operation are NEVER allowed in 80x86 assembly language. The instruction could change any of the ZF, SF, AF, CF, or PF bit of the flag register, depending on the operands involved. Example: Show how the flag register is affected by: mov al, 0f5h add al, 0bh Solution: F5 1111 0101 + 0B 0000 1011 100 0000 0000 After the addition, the AL register (destination) contains 00H and the flags are as follows: CF = 1, since there is a carry out from d7 SF = 0, the status of d7 of the result PF = 1, the number of 1s is zero (zero is an even number) AF = 1, there is a carry out from d3 to d4 ZF = 1, the result of the addition is zero (for 8 bits) Case 1: Addition of individual byte and word data Example 1: Write a program to calculate the total of 5 bytes of data. The decimal data is as follow: 125, 235, 197, 91, and 48. title prog3-1A adding 5 bytes .model small .stack 64 ; .data count equ 05 data1 db 125, 235, 197, 91, 48 org 0008h sum dw ? ; .code main proc far mov ax, @data mov ds, ax mov cx, count ;CX is the loop counter mov si, offset data1 ;SI is the data pointer mov ax, 00 ;AX will be hold the sum back: add al, [si] ;add the next byte to AL jnc over ;if no carry, continue inc ah ;else accumulate the carry in AH over: inc si ;increment the data pointer dec cx ;decrement the loop counter jnz back ;if not finished, go add next byte mov sum, ax ;store sum mov ah, 4ch int 21h ;go back to DOS main endp end main Code segment Data segment and stack segment Example 2: Write a program to calculate the