股东会决议瑕疵救济制度研究-民商法学专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 股东会决议瑕疵是指股东会形成过程中存在的程序或实体上的瑕疵。长期以 来，股东会决议瑕疵理论都建立在一种假设上，股东会决议欠缺有效要件将侵害 股东的利益，针对这种假设，用司法介入来干预股东会决议瑕疵之效力来规范和 修正有瑕疵的股东会决议，以实现保护投资者和公司稳健运营之目的。《公司法》 第 22 条规定了股东会决议瑕疵之框架，《司法解释四》对此进行了一些细致化的 规定，截至 2015 年 3 月 20 日，股东会决议瑕疵救济案例已达 533 件，其中 2014 年审结就有 134 件，占到时总数的 24.6%。2014 年审结的 134 件案例中，一审 51 件，二审 68 件，其他 15 件（主要是再审），上诉率达到 50.7%，司法实践催 促着股东决议救济制度的完善。 在对 2007-2015 年司法案例分析后，提出完善股东会决议瑕疵救济制度的建 议：一是设置可撤销事由的构成标准，用“相关性理论”限制撤销与权利受侵之 间的因果联系，防止滥诉者的规避行为；二是建立非诉救济制，引入瑕疵治愈、 撤回、追认和豁免制度，并承认一定条件下原被告之间和解机制的建立；三是明 确判决的效力，在判决效力的统一性与保护善意第三人之间寻求平衡；四是完善 担保制度，明确了担保的证明责任、提出时限、豁免及担保数额确定的考量因素； 五是健全了裁量驳回制度，并指出裁量驳回的适用条件，对召集表决程序的违反 和程度显著轻微。 关键词：股东会决议瑕疵 诉讼救济 非诉救济 ABSTRACT Shareholder resolution defect refers to the defects which lack substantive elements of a shareholder resolution. For a long time, shareholders resolution defects are based on an assumption that lack of an effective element will harm the interests of shareholders. Because of this assumption, it’s necessary to take some kind of intervention by the judicial to correct resolution defect of the shareholders. In this way, it provides better access for better management of the company and protection for the investors. Article 22 of Company Law provides a brief review for the resolution defect of the shareholders. After that Judicial Interpretation No.4 has conducted a number of detailed provisions. By March 20, 2015, the shareholder resolution defect cases reached 533, of which 134 cases are concluded in 2014 and it accounts for 24.6% of the total number. Among the 134 cases, there are 54 first instance cases and 68 second instance cases which account for 50.7% of the total number. Judicial practice forces the resolution relief system to be perfect. After analysis of the judicial case from 2007 to 2015, I provide some legal advice for the perfect of the relief system of shareholder resolution defects. First, it needs to set constitution standard for revocable cases. It should use the relevance theory to restrict the casual link betw