公司发起人法律问题分析-法律专业论文.docx

I I 公司发起人法律问题研究 中文摘要 无论是有限责任公司还是股份有限公司，公司的所有设立活动都是由发起 人来进行的。从某种程度上来讲，发起人的行为是否规范，决定了公司能否有 效成立及人格是否健全。我国对公司发起人的规定过于原则，在司法实践中缺 乏可操作性,常常要借助其他的法律规定来审理，甚至有的时候因为难以找到法 律依据对当事人的起诉只能不予受理。在理论研究上，对公司发起人问题也缺 乏必要的关注，尚未形成明晰的公司发起人理论体系。 基于此，本文采用比较研究等方法，探讨了我国公司发起人的资格、法律 地位、权利和义务这四个基本理论问题，以期对我国形成较完备的公司发起人 法律制度有所助益。首先，从公司发起人资格入手，在比较借鉴大陆法系和英 美法系有关发起人资格规定的基础上，提出引入拟制发起人制度和代理制度来 弥补行为能力欠缺者的发起人资格。其次，通过对有关公司发起人法律地位的 各种学说的梳理，认为我国应采用合伙与机关结合说，继而分析了具体法律关 系中公司发起人之间、发起人与公司之间、发起人与公司成立后的股东之间的 法律关系。最后，文章探讨了发起人的义务和责任，建议将信义义务适用于公 司发起人。论证了公司发起人承担信义义务的必要性和可行性，分析了信义义 务的内涵、功能及具体内容。并且提出当发起人违反信义义务时，需承担撤销 其订立的买卖合同及损害赔偿的法律责任 关键词：公司 发起人 信义义务 II II Legal Research on The Founders of Corporation Abstract The founders conduct all activities in a corporation no matter if it is a limited liability corporation or public corporation. To some degree, it is decided by whether the behavior by the founder is developed to set up a corporation legally and having a complete corporation personality. The regulation by our country about the founder of corporation is too theoretical, so that it lacks practicability in the real judicial system. Some judges often need to cite other legal resources during the trial; sometimes even dismissing the case because of the hardness of setting up the cause of action. In terms of theoretical research, we have not given necessary attentions to the founder of the corporation, causing us to lack a clear and fundamental system of that branch. Thus, it is imperative to establish an improved system for the founders of the corporation to fulfill the obligation of real justice and to ensure the orderly socialist economic system. Based on this, in order to improve the legal system of the founders of the corporation, with the methods of comparative analogy, this paper discusses four basic theoretical problems: qualifications, status, legal rights and obligations. First of all, from the perspective of the qualification of the founders of the corporation, by analogizing the basic rules in civil law and co