初中语法专题7介词专题-新.docxVIP

介词 介词是一种用来表示词语词之间、词与句之间的关系的词，在句中不能单独做句子成分。介词分为简单介词和短语介词两种。简单介词即单个介词，如in，under，on，for，after等；短语介词指多个单词构成的介词，如in front of，instead of，far from等。介词短语与短语介词不同。介词短语指由“介词＋名词/代词等” 构成的短语，如at school，by bus，on Sunday等，在句中可以作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等。有些单词，既可以作介词，也可以作连词(作连词时，其后接句子)，如after，before等；而有些单词，既可以作介词，也可以作副词，如above，below等。 介词是中考试卷中的“常客”，从时间上看，年年都要考；从地点上看，每个地区都要考。考查介词的主要题目有：单项填空、完形填空、短文填空及句子翻译等。 一、对时间介词的考查 介词 用 法 例 句 / 常 用 短 语 at ① 表示在某个时刻或是瞬间 ② 用在节假日前表示“在……期间” ③ 用于某些固定搭配 I usually get up at half past six. Bill got a lot of presents at Christmas. at noon; at night; at midnight on 表示在具体的某一天或具体到某一天的早晨、上下午或晚上等 I like visiting friends on Sundays. The accident happened on a rainy evening. in ① 用于月份、季节、年、年代、世纪等 ② 泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上 ③“in+时间段”，表示“在……之后”，常用于一般将来时态 in January; in summer; in the 1990s in the morning / afternoon / evening She says that her mother will be back ____________________ (两个小时后) . during 在……期间 during the summer holidays before 在……之前 He will be back before suppertime. after ①“after+具体时刻”，表示“在……之后” ②“after+时间段”不与将来时连用。 after three o’clock / lunch / August He will arrive ______ (after / in) an hour. since 后接时间点或过去时的句子，表示 “自从……以来” He has taught English since 2001. I haven’t seen him since he left last time. for 后接时间段，表示“持续一段时间” He has lived here for eight years. till / until ① 表示持续到某个时候 ② not …until… 意为“直到……才” It may last till / until next Friday. We can’t get off the bus until it stops. from from … to … 意为“从……到……” We go to school from Monday to Friday. by ① 表示“在……之前”、“不迟于” ② 表示“到……为止” You must be here by ten o’clock tomorrow. by the end of last year / next year; by now 【例题】 1. I was born ______ December 17. This year I’ll hold a birthday party for it at home. A. on B. at C. in D. by 2. —Do you know Victory Day in China? —Yes, it’s ______ September 3rd ______ each year. It tells the world that Chinese people love peace and hate wars. Chinese people will never forget the history. A. in; on B. on; / C. at; / D. on; in 3. For many Western