品质主管练营.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * www.QS100.com 1）有点子出界或恰在界限上 2）连续3点在中心线和上限（下限）之间且有2点在A区 3）连续5点在中心线和上限（下限）之间且有4点在B区 4）连续8点或以上的点出现在中心线和上限（下限）之间 5）当有连续5点上升或下降时，须注意以后动态 6）当有连续6点上升或下降时，须开始调查原因 7）当有连续7点上升或下降时，必有问题，应立即采取预防措施。 判异常准则 控制图判异准则 www.QS100.com 过程能力指数CpK值的评价参考 等级 CPk值 相应 标准差 相应措施 A 2.0(含)以上 ≥6 贵公司的优势 B 1.67~2.0 ≥5 产品可免检了 C 1.33~1.67 ≥4 希望制程能达到的水准,仍可配合管制图管制 D 1.0~1.33 ≥3 制程有改善空间,应考虑配合管制图管制 E 0.67~1.0 ≥2 制程应进行项目改善,并可采取100%全数检查,确认唯有合格批才进入下一制程 F 0.67以下 ＜2　　 制程很差,应考虑停止生产 www.QS100.com FMEA-Failure Mode and Effect Analysis ?FMEA（潜在失效模式与效应分析 ）是评估设计可靠度之一种方法 1950’s 起源于宇航和美国军方：针对新型喷射战门机，评估某些元件之可靠度所采用之解析方法。 1960’s和70’s被美国汽车工业用来连贯设计、开发和制造的程序 FMEA对关注的问题加以分类和排列是不良预防的工具 分别有S（整体系统）FMEA、D（设计）FMEA、P（制程）FMEA…… www.QS100.com Part Function Process Function Potential Failure Mode Severity Potential Effect(s) of Failure Classif. Occurrence Potential Cause(s)/Mechanism(s) of Failure Current process Controls Detection 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The section of the FMEA form duplicated above has several logic traps that cause teams to get confused and go off track.Follow this guide if your team is confused. 1.Design FMEA ---- Be sure to list all part functions and engineering specifications. Process FMEA ---- Be sure to list all process functions and requirements. 2.Failure modes occur in two major ways: ?Complete failure (fails to function). ?Partial failure (Intermittent;Overperformance;Degrades over time faster than specified.) 3. Effects are all the downstream consequences of the failure mode. 4. Severity measures the seriousness of the effects. 5..Note critical or significant characteristics in the Classification column. 6. In this process,Causes create failure modes,not effects. 7.Occurrence is the measure of the cause. 8. Current Design/Process Controls are directed at causes and failure modes. 9. Detection is directed at causes and failure modes. FMEA Logical Traps www.QS100.com FMEA的过程顺序 过程功能 要求 潜在 失效模式 潜在 失效的后果 严重 度数