环保时代国际贸易发展新趋势及我国对策研究-产业经济学专业论文.docxVIP

内 容 提 要 、～f k随着全球经济的进一步增长，人类在享受着越来越丰富的物质文化生活的同 时，也面临着新的全球性环境危机。生态失衡、环境污染、资源短缺等问题对人 类的生存和发展构成了越来越严重的威胁。因此，保护生态环境促进可持续发展 已成为人类关注的热点问题。联合国已把环境列为与和平与发展同等重要的位置。 21世纪必将是环保的世纪。各个国家和社会对环境的管制越来越严，各国政府的 贸易政策日益成为更好地服务于环境目标的工具，为环保目的执行的限制或禁止 进出口的环境贸易措施增多、增强，进而日盏影响到国际贸易的正常发展。因此 ／‘——一 环境与贸易问题已成为国际社会注目的焦点。9 我国作为最大的发展中国家，外贸事业发展迅速，但我们也必须指出，我国 环境污染和生态破坏问题也相当严重，在当今世界的环保大趋势下，我国的国际 经贸活动正面临着前所未有的机遇与挑战。因此，顺应全球环保浪潮，探索我国 外贸实现可持续发展的对策，具有迫切的理论与实际意义 当前国内学术界、政府执行部门等对涉及环境的贸易条件研究较多，但笔者 认为，仅仅是谴责发达国家以环保名义设置绿色贸易壁垒，想方设法规避绿色壁 垒是远远不够的。只有顺应环保大趋势，走外贸的可持续发展道路，才能标本兼 治。因此，本文将运用环境经济学、可持续发展等有关经济学理论作为分析的理 论依据，从国内外环保形势对我国外贸的影响着手，从理论与实际两方面阐述我 国外贸可持续发展的必要性，努力探索争取环保与外贸事业协调发展，走外贸可 持续发展道路的有效对策和措施。 关键词：绿色壁垒 环保产业 环境标准  Abstract With the growth of the global economy,people are facing a new global environment crisis while enjoying a richer material and culture life．Such problems as ecological lmbalance，environment pollution，resources shortage have constituted a more and more serlous threat on the survival and development of human beings Therefore，the ecological environment and the promotion of sustainability have been the fc)CUS to which human beings pay close attention．The UN has classified environment as equal important position of peace and development．The 2 i s,century must be the century of environment protection．Every country and society make a more and more severe control on environment．Trade policies of every government have gradually become tools that provide better services for environment targets．The execution of environment仃ade measures which limit or prohibit import and．export for environment protection goals has being increased and strengthened．These phenomena have gradually affected the normal development of intemational trade．For this reason．the international society has much concern with the environment and trade problem． As a biggest developing country,Chinese foreign trade undertaking are developing rapidly．But we must point out that our country has a very serious problem in environment pollution and