中国有机稻田有害生物的生态防控和多样性保护-IFOAMOrganicsAsia.PDF

第六届亚洲有机稻农大会 6th Asian Organic Rice Farmers Conference 中国有机稻田有害生物的生态防控和多样性保护 Biodiversity Conservation and Ecological Control Measures of Rice Pests in Organic Rice Paddy in China 刘光华博士, 仲恺农业工程学院 Dr. Guanghua Liu Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering 1. 前言 Foreword The issues of food safety and environmental protection are critical to the survival and development of human beings. After the World Conference on Environment and Development, these two issues have become the focus of attention of scientists and governments around the world. Since entering the new century, it has been a big concern to the Chinese government and the people. 2 Synthetic chemicals used in food production and processing threat food safety and environmental safety. Seen as an important solution, organic agriculture has shown great promise. In China, organic rice acreage is 276,000 Ha., production 1.633 million tons, 36% of total organic acreage (2016). Pests damage organic rice more than conventional rice. 2.有害生物生态控制系统 Ecological Pest Control System Eco pest control system comprises natural and artificial control sub-systems. Natural control is based on bio-diversity restoration; artificial control uses non- chemical control measures based on pest population control principles. The two systems combined will control pest population, protect crops, protect the environment and avoid food contamination. 自然控制系统结构 Structure of natural control system ① 气象因素/Climate factor (Temp., humidity, light, wind, rain) ② 天敌因素/Natural enemy factor a、Parasitic natural enemies b、Predatory natura