iBT新托福阅读黄金22篇第一篇APPLIEDARTSAND-小站教育.PDF

iBT 新托福阅读黄金22 篇 第一篇 APPLIED ARTS AND FINE ARTS ………………………………………………………3 第二篇 THE ORIGINS OF CETACEANS ………………………………………………………9 第三篇 DESERT FORMATION……………………………………………………………………17 第四篇 EARLY CINEMA……………………………………………………………………………..26 第五篇 AGGRESSION …………………………………………………………………………………35 第六篇 ARTISANS AND INDUSTRIALIZATION …………………………………………...43 第七篇 SWIMMING MACHINES………………………………………………………………….52 第八篇 NINETEENTH-CENTURY POLITICS IN THE UNITED STATES………….60 第九篇 THE EXPRESSION OF EMOTIONS …………………………………………………..69 第十篇 GEOLOGY AND LANDSCAPE…………………………………………………………..78 第十一篇 GROUNDWATER………………………………………………………………………..86 第十二篇 THE OIGINS OF THEATER ………………………………………………………….94 第十三篇 TIMBERLINE VEGETATION ON MOUNTAINS ……………………………101 第十四篇 ARCHITECTURE ……………………………………………………………………… 106 第十五篇 Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer……………………………………………114 第十六篇 The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems …………………………………..122 第十七篇 Opportunists and Competitors………………………………………………..130 第十八篇 Lascaux Cave Paintings…………………………………………………………...137 第十九篇 Electricity from Wind……………………………………………………………..145 第二十篇 Deer Populations of the Puget Sound……………………………………...153 第二十一篇 Cave Art in Europe………………………………………………………………..160 第二十二篇 Petroleum Resources…………………………………………………………...168 第二十三篇 OG 之中几个没有原文的题目…176 4 第一篇 APPLIED ARTS AND FINE ARTS Although we now tend to refer to the various crafts according to the materials used to construct them-clay, glass, wood, fiber, and metal-it was once common to think of crafts in terms of function, which led to their being known as the applied arts. Approaching crafts from the point of view of function, we can divide them into simple categories: containers, shelters and supports. There is no way around the fact that containers, shelters, and supports must be functional. The applied arts are thus bound by the laws of physics, which pertain to both the materials used in their making and the substances and things to be contained, supported, an