《慢性肾衰竭的辩证与治疗》-毕业设计论文（公开).docVIP

摘要 当前，慢性肾功能衰竭（CRF）在全球发病率呈增加趋势，已经成为继心脑血管疾病、糖尿病之后又一个威胁人类健康的重要疾病。各种原因引起的慢性肾脏疾病最终进行性地发展为终末期肾衰。尽管肾脏代替治疗方法的成功运用挽救了大量患者的生命，但巨额医疗费用仍构成社会和家庭沉重的经济负担。因此，如何延缓慢性肾功能衰竭的进展一直是社会所面临的挑战。本文就慢性肾功能衰竭的辩证体征、临床表现、现有治疗方法作一综述，通过对慢性肾功能衰竭发病原因和诊断检查的进一步了解，从而有针对性地预防肾脏疾病，提出适合当前中国对慢性肾衰的治疗方案，有助于减少CRF的发病率。此外随着我国老龄化人后的增长，其慢性肾衰竭患者也在不断的增加，死亡率也在升高，因此预防和保护肾脏变得极为重要。 关键词　 慢性肾衰竭 ；临床表现 ；血肌酐；透析； 非透析治疗 Abstract Nowadays, incidence rate of the chronic renal failure’s (CRF) shows an increasing trend around the world, it has become a threat to the health of mankind after diabetic cardiovascular diseases. Chronic kidney disease caused by various reasons develops end-stage renal failure. Although renal replacement therapy method was successfully used to save the lives of a large number of patients, but the huge medical expense is still a heavy economic burden for society and family. Therefore, how to delay the progress of chronic renal failure has been the problem that social is facing. In this paper, we review the dialectical signs and Clinical manifestations, of chronic renal failure, through a better understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic renal failure and diagnostic tests. Then a review of current treatment methods is including. In order to prevent the disease, we should get a new treatment for chronic renal failure in China, so as to reduce the incidence rate of CRF. In addition, along with the increasing of aging people , the chronic renal failure patients is increasing, the mortality is also on the rise, so preventing and protecting the kidney becomes extremely important. Keywords　chronic renal failure;? clinical manifestation; ?blood?creatinine;?dialysis and ?non?dialysis treatment 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 1 绪论 1 1.1 课题背景 1 1.2 课题意义 1 1.3 肾功能衰竭的分类和定义 2 2 慢性肾功能衰竭的辩证 3 2.1 慢性肾功能衰竭概述 3 2.2 慢性肾功能衰竭的主要病因 3 2.3 慢性肾功能衰竭的临床表现与症状体征 4 2.4 慢性肾功能衰竭的诊断方法 5 2.5 慢性肾功能衰竭的检查方法 5 2.5.1 实验室检查 5 2.5.2 影像学检查 6 2.6 本章小结 6 3 慢性肾功能衰竭的治疗 8 3.1 慢性肾功能衰竭的代替治疗法 8 3.1.1 血液透析 8 3.1.2 腹膜透析 9 3.1.3 肾移植 9 3.2 慢性肾功能衰竭的非透析治疗法 9 3.2.1 饮食治