新编语言学教程第三章第二节.pptVIP

Types of compounds Noun compounds Verb compounds Adjective compounds Preposition compounds In addition, there also have adverb compounds and pronoun compounds. 一、Noun compounds day + break→ daybreak (N + V) play + boy→ playboy 花花公子 (V + N) wind + mill→windmill 风车 (N + N) black + board→blackboard (Adj + N) out + put →output (Adv + V) 二、Verb compounds brain + wash→brainwash 洗脑 (N + V) up + hold→uphpld (Adv + V) black + list→blacklist 列入黑名单 (Adj + N) over + work→overwork (Adv + N) 三、Adjective compounds Man + eating →maneating 食人的 (N + V-ing) Heart + felt →heartfelt 真诚的 (N + V-ed) Duty + free →dutyfree 免税的 (N + Adj) 四、Preposition compounds In + to →into Through + out →throughout with + in →within 五、Adverb compounds life + long→lifelong (N + Adj) before + hand→beforehand (Prep + N) hand + first→handfirst (N + Adv) near + by →nearby (Adv + Prep) 六、Pronoun compounds 一般是由some、any、no 等构成不定代词或物主代词加-self、-selves等构成的反身代词。 something anybody nothing myself ourselves Endocentric Compounds（向心结构复合词） 　　　Compounds with a head are called endocentric compounds.The term “endocentric” means that the category of the whole (syntactic or morphological) construction is identical to that of one of its constituents. E.g. “bubble-economy”, economy” is the head which is a noun syntactically, thus the compound is also a noun and its meaning is focused on the head. Endocentric compound The head of a nominal or adjectival endocentric compound is de-verbal ;that is, it is derived from averb. Consequently, it is also called a verbal compound or a synthetic compound. 一个名词性或形容词性向心复合词的中心成分是从动词派生出来的，因此也被称作动词性复合词或合成词复合词。 One element serves as the head, the relationship of “a kind of”; eg