普通语言学基础-Language-and-Society.pptxVIP

Language and SocietyContentsTable of Contents8.1The Relatedness between Language and Society8.2Variable, Variant and Variation8.3Regional Dialect and Its Semantic ExtensionThe Relatedness between Language and Society8.1Language and society are closely intertwined.2Without language, society would come to a standstill.1Without society,language could not even come into being.Possible Relation between Language and Society8.1.1the nature of the relationship between language and societyFirst Stance Second StanceThird Stancelinguistic structure and linguistic behavior may influence or even determine social structuresocial factorsinfluence or determinelinguistic structure and linguistic behaviorthe influence between language and society is bi-directional010203Sociolinguistics8.1.2Sociolinguistics “The linguistic branch that studies the relationship between language and society is called sociolinguistics.”Example 18.1.2(Ray, a student, comes home after school)Ray: Hi, mum.Mum: Hi, youre late.Ray: Yeah, that bastard Sootbucker kept us in again.Mum: Nanas here.Ray: Oh sorry. Where is she?Example 28.1.2(Leaving school, Ray runs into the school principal.)Ray: Good afternoon, sir.Principle: What are you doing here this time?Ray: Mr. Sutton kept us in, sir.Variable, Variant and Variation8.2Example singing singin(?) [?][n](?):[?]or[n] Regional Dialect and Its Semantic Extension8.3Regional Dialect and Its Semantic ExtensionGeography is the main reason for the development of a regional dialect.Dialect ContinuumDialect in sociolinguisticsExample 3 “(Telephone rings)Pat: Hello.Caller: Hello, is Mark here?Pat: Yes. Just hold on a minute.Pat(to Mark): Theres a rather well-educated young lady from scotland on the phone for you.”Example 4“Young man: Gidday, what can I do for you?English man: Ive called to see my old mate Don Stone.Young man: Oh, hes dead now mate.Heres dad now mate.”in sociolinguistics social dialectsgenderlect agelect standard dialect idiolect temporal diale