哲学其它相关毕业论文我们需要什么样的工程哲学.docVIP

我们需要什么样的工程哲学#61472; 姓 名： 2014年6月25日 我们需要什么样的工程哲学#61472; 工程在人类活动中的地位变得日益重耍的同时，也对社会、政治和环境 提出了日益严峻的挑战。思考这些问题，我们应该立足于作为一门有别于传统科 学技术哲学的工程哲学。古希腊以来，科学与工程一直被认为代表了西方文化两 种不同的传统。但在哲学发生历史主义转向后，两种不同的合理性走向融合。在 科学的社会研究变得时髦的今天，我们对工程这种物质性活动进行哲学研宄的进 路就再也不能采用传统哲学那种单一的规范化方法，而应该将工程视为一种特殊 的文化活动从多维外部视点来理解。工程知识和工程实践的特性使得工程哲学应 该超越传统的规范化方法，而去描述作为一种社会活动的工程实践，并在容纳各 个外部视点后综合每个视点所形成的视图为工程活动“拼凑一种更好的描述”。 关键词：工程哲学；描述；工程知识；工程实践 Abstract: As a kind of human being’ s activities，engineering exists in all ages，but has never played such an important role as today. As engineering becomes a chief way of being, it brings forward increasingly serious challenges to society，politics and environment. Considerations of these problems give birth to philosophy of engineering. However，we should not look upon philosophy of engineering as the extension of philosophy of science and technology，for engineering has its own form of culture，with its own sets of rules and bodies of practice~a culture different from science and certainly not a mere appendage to or an application of science. Science and engineering have always been supposed to represent two different traditions in Western culture since ancient Greece. The former has been admired for its objective necessity and universal validity，while the latter has been undervalued for its limits of established value judgments and contexts. However，after a historicist turn happened in Western philosophy in the 20th century, the two different rationalities which science and engineering represent respectively now become merged. It is argued that science，like engineering, is less simply an intellectual undertaking than creative activities conducted in a certain context，and may and should include such practical wisdom as sophists advocated. Nowadays，as social studies of science gain ground, our approach to philosophical studies of engineering as a kind of material activities can no longer adopt such a single normative method as traditional philosophy did. Rather, engineering