地表覆盖物处理对作物及土壤中氮、磷含量的影响.doc

PAGE PAGE 15 地表覆盖物处理对作物及土壤中氮、磷含量的影响 Effects of Mulch on N and P Contents in Soils and Crops 地表覆盖物处理对作物及土壤中氮、磷含量的影响 摘 要 研究在不同覆盖模式下作物及土壤中氮、磷含量的变化，达到利用地表覆盖物来提高N、P利用率，降低生产成本。结果表明： (1) 秸秆覆盖情况下，青花中茎叶、根、果实全氮含量为7.61%、5.74 %和12.37%，全磷含量分别为0.66%、0.71%和1.61%。玉米中茎叶、根和果实全氮含量为3.50 %、2.93%、3.08 %和0.93 %，全磷含量分别为1.14%、2.04%和0.41%。(2) 地膜覆盖情况下，青花茎叶、根和果实全氮含量为8.07%、3.31%和11.90 %，全磷含量分别为1.12%、0.50%和1.52%。玉米茎、叶、根、果实全氮含量为0.84%、3.22 %，1.12 %和0.75%，全磷含量分别为1.72%、2.09%、2.00%和0.38%。(3) 未覆盖情况下，青花茎叶、根和果实全氮含量为7.84%、3.87%和11.99%，全磷含量分别为1.06%、 0.62%和1.35%。玉米茎、叶、根和果实全氮含量为1.12%、3.13%、2.98%和2.43%，全磷含量分别为1.26%、2.12%、2.76%和0.26%。（4）在秸秆覆盖前期，在秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖、无覆盖情况下，青花土壤中全N含量分别为1.68g/kg、1.73g/kg、1.61g/kg，玉米土壤中全N含量分别为1.69g/kg、1.75g/kg、1.60g/kg；在秸秆覆盖后期，青花土壤中全N含量分别为1.72g/kg、1.42g/kg、1.41g/kg，玉米土壤中全N含量分别为1.70g/kg、1.37g/kg、1.34g/kg。（5）在秸秆覆盖前期，在秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖、无覆盖情况下，青花土壤中全P含量分别为1.36g/kg、1.11g/kg、1.26g/kg，玉米土壤中全P含量分别为1.45g/kg、1.22g/kg、1.34g/kg；在秸秆覆盖后期，青花土壤中全P含量分别为1.49g/kg、1.40g/kg、1.72g/kg，玉米土壤中全P含量分别为1.55g/kg、1.51g/kg、1.68g/kg； 关键词：蔬菜; 氮; 磷; 秸秆覆盖; 地膜覆盖; Effects of much on N and P contents in soils and crops ABSTRACT Field experiments were conducted to research effects of mulch on N and P contents in soils and crops with different covering to improve N, P utilization rate and reduce the production cost. The results showed that: (1) With straw covering, N contents of stem and leaves, roots and fruits in cauliflower were 7.61%, 5.74% and 12.37%, P contents 0.66%, 0.71% and 1.61%, respectively. N contents of stem and leaves, roots and fruits in maize were 3.50%, 2.93, 3.08% and 0.93%, P contents 1.14%, 2.04 % and 0.41%, respectively. (2) With plastic film covering, N contents of stem and leaves, roots and fruits in cauliflower were 8.07%, 3.31% and 11.90%, P contents 1.12%, 0.50% and 1.52%, respectively. N contents of stem and leaves, roots and fruits in maize were 0.84%, 3.22%, 1.12%and 0.75%, P contents 1.72%, 2.09%, 2.00% and 0.38%, respectively. (3) With no covering, N contents of stem and leaves, roots and fruits