非谓语动词V-ing与v-ed.docVIP

PAGE 6 非谓语动词（一） V-ing和V-ed 英语中, 非谓语动词包括v-ing,v-ed和不定式(to do)三种形式。其中，V-ing形式又分为动名词和现在分词。它们在句中的作用如下表： 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 不定式(to do) √ √ √ √ √ √ 动名词(v-ing) √ √ √ √ × × 现在分词(v-ing) × × √ √ √ √ 过去分词(v-ed) × × √ √ √ √ （一） 动名词 动名词的各种形式： 动名词 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 (not) doing ( not) being done 完成式（只用于做宾语） (not) having done (not) having been done I、动名词作主语 动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。 _________(smoke) is harmful to our health. _______(keep) a balanced diet and______(take) regular exercise are beneficial to our health. 3. ______________ (bring) up in that environment has had a big effect on him. 4. _______unable to use a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research. 5. _____________(expose) too much to the sunlight will do harm to your skin. 6. ______________(admit) to a key university is a proud thing to a family. 7. _____________(master) a foreign language needs hard work. 注意：动名词作主语时，可以用it作形式主语。适合该用法的句式为： It is no good / no use / useless / a waste of time doing sth. Its no good _______(wait) for other people to make decisions for you. It’s no use ___________(cry) over spilt milk. （覆水难收） II、动名词做宾语 下列动词只能用动名词作宾语： suggest, advise, finish, enjoy, practise, miss, avoid, delay, excuse, consider(考虑), deny, escape, risk, appreciate, dislike, feel like, mind, imagine, permit/allow, admit, forbid, be worth, sth need / require / want doing, give up, can’t help（禁不住）, set about, look forward to, devote oneself to, pay attention to, get used to , be accustomed to(习惯于), get down to, object to, stick to, lead to, contribute to, insist on, put off, keep on等 1. Lily finally admitted _________________(take) my pen by mistake. 2. He tried to escape________________(punish). 3. Since the examination is around the corner, I have to give up _________(do) exercise. 4. To avoid_______________(burn), you have to be careful enough when you are cooking. 5. Most of us hate___________(laugh) at in public. 6. Tony was very u