吸入用药药剂科培训最后.pptVIP

* AntibioticsAntibiotics may be given to patients with COPD for acute bacterial infections of the respiratory tract, including sinusitis, acute bronchitis and some types of pneumonia.[8] Antibiotics are also used to treat exacerbations when symptoms of infection are present, such as fever, increased cough and sputum changes.[9] * 当COPD加重、有脓性痰者，应给予抗生素治疗。肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌及卡他莫拉菌是COPD加重患者最普通的病原菌。若患者对初始抗生素治疗反应不佳时，应进行痰培养及细菌药物敏感试验。此外，血生化检查有助于确定引起COPD加重的其他因素，如电解质紊乱(低钠、低钾和低氯血症等)、糖尿病危象或营养不良等，也可发现合并存在的代谢性酸碱失衡 HOW TO MANAGE AN ACUTE EXACERBATION: ? Follow prescription directions carefully and finish all yo