神经生物学-神经免疫.pptx

神经免疫 Neuroimmune ;教学内容 1. 神经免疫学概论 神经系统和免疫系统的异同点及双向调节 2. 中枢神经系统的免疫反应 中枢神经系统的特殊细胞、结构及免疫反应 3. 神经系统免疫性疾病与神经免疫相关性疾病 ;Neuroimmunology Neuroimmunology is a field combining neuroscience, the study of the nervous system, and immunology, the study of the immune system. ;;① 能够接受刺激； ② 具有识别能力； ③ 呈现应答反应； ④ 免疫细胞和神经细胞的细胞膜上存在某些相似， 甚至相同的表面标志物和受体； GABAa/GABAb, DR1-5, Thy1/CD90 Ach, Catecholamines ⑤ 具有记忆功能。;Neuronal synapse Immunological synapse;Difference;; Immune reaction in CNS Cells involved Structure of CNS Immune reaction ;Immune reaction in CNS Cells involved ;Microglia 5- 20% Derived from hematopoietic progenitors in the yolk sac and enter the brain during embryonic development Forming the innate immune system of CNS;The developmental relationship between microglia and macrophages;Ramified;Phenotypic polarization of microglia ;Involvement of microglia in innate and adaptive immunity;;Inflammaging;Neurons;;The effects of inflammatory stimuli on the GABAergic system ;The modulatory effects of the GABAergic system on neuroinflammation;Astrocytes 纤维型 原浆型 Fibrous (in white matter), protoplasmic (in grey matter), and radial 20-40% of all glia Low expression of MHC and costimulatory molecules ;1 4 A P R I L 2 0 1 6 | VO L 5 3 2 | N AT U R E | 1 9 5;Glioma cells and M2?like microglia;Oligodendrocytes Sensitive to NO, glutamate and apoptotic stimuli Relatively inert, rarely participate in the immune response;Immune reaction in CNS Structure of CNS blood brain barrier/immune privilege ;;Does the lymphatic system --- a web of vessels that helps clear waste and transport immune cells in the body---extend into the brain or stop in the neck ?;;;The Meningeal Lymphatics Enable the Drainage of Macromolecules and Immune Cells;Breakthrough of the Year;Immune reaction in CNS Structure of CNS immune priv