动词的种类课件.ppt

2. —Will you stay for lunch? —Sorry, ____________. My brother is coming to see me. A.I mustn’t B.I can’t C.I needn’t D.I won’t 四、 助动词 助动词：本身无词义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语，要和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语（构成时态，语态，疑问句或否定句） 助动词有：be, do, have, shall/will) 1) Have you read this book before? 2) He is writing a lesson. 3) The car was sold. 3) Did he go there yesterday? 4)He doesn’t like singing. 5)I will/shall come if I’m free. ---Water has been polluted these days.--- So _____ air.A. is B. has C. does D . will 2. ---I have bought a nice dress.--- Where ___ you ____ it?A. have; bought B. did; buy C. will; buy D . Was; bought 动词的分类 实义动词 / 行为动词 系动词 情态动词 助动词 可作谓语 与实义动词或系动词一起作谓语 练一练 你应当努力学习。 You should study hard. 在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years. 你看起来压力很大。 You look stressed out. 动词的分类 实义动词 / 行为动词 系动词 情态动词 助动词 一、实义动词 实义动词是表示出某种具体动作或状态，可独立做谓语的动词。 按句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词；按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。 比一比谁发现的最快最准。 Tom heard a strange sound yesterday. They listened carefully! They always listen to music. 介词 直接接宾语 不接宾语 加介词后接宾语 及物动词 不及物动词 及物动词与不及物动词 及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。 动词 + 宾语 I like this book very much. 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补（即加复合宾语） Rainy days make me sad. 动词 + 间接宾语（sb）+ 直接宾语(sth) （即加双宾语） Please pass me the salt. 及物动词与不及物动词 不及物动词自身意思完整、无需接宾语。 Horses run fast. They work in a factory. Tom often listens to music in his spare time. (1) 有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词 如: We speak Chinese. The baby can speak. Boys fly kites. Birds can fly. (2) 有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语，其作用相当于及物动词，要注意积累。 ① 动词+介词 Look at the blackboard. ②动词+副词 He turned off the light when he left. He picked it up and gave it to me. 注意：在此结构中，代词作宾语必须放在动词后，副词前。当名词作宾语时，放在副词前后均可。 ③动词（短语）+副词+介词 Let’s go on with the work. He gets along well with his classmates. ④动词+名词+介词 He takes pride in doing a job well. Please pay attention to the phrases in the article. 延续性动