西方文化英文简介.pptVIP

1. 概况（West Is West） 2. 古希腊文化（The Greek Culture） 3. 罗马帝国（Pax Romana） 4. 希伯莱文化（An Eye for an Eye） 5. 中世纪（The Expansionist Medieval Period） 6. 文艺复兴（Bridge Between the Middle Ages and the Modern Era） 7. 十七世纪（Issues of the 17th Century Europe and Their Influence） LECTURES The West ? The Classical West ? The Medieval West ? ? The Modern West Greco-Roman Judeo-Christian Transitional Period Renaissance Reformation Scientific Revolution Enlightenment Era of Revolution Great Wars Cold War Dynamic Changes What is “Culture”? 《辞海》:人类社会由野蛮而至文明，其努力所得 之成绩，表现于各方面者，为科学、 艺术、宗教、道德、法律、风俗、习惯 等，其综合体，则谓之文化。 Culture: The ideas, customs, skills, arts, etc. of a given people in a given period. (Webster’s New World Dictionary, 1985) “A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots. ” --Marcus Garvey (Jamaican publisher) -- Sir Francis Bacon “Histories make men wise; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.” Greek Column Capitals = the masculine style = the feminine style Corinthian Doric Ionic Caryatid (女像柱) Unit One West is West “The West” -- developed countries Terra (Roman)= Gaia (Greek)=Earth Mother Mediterranean Sea Two elements of Western Culture The Greco-Roman element The Judeo-Christian element Two elements of Western Culture Two elements of Western Culture Place: around the Mediterranean Sea People: the Greeks, the Jews Language: Hellenic (古希腊語), Hebrew Literature: mythological, religious Classics: the Homeric epics, The Bible Origins of Western Culture The Hellenic Tradition The Hebraic Tradition Mythological culture Religious culture Polytheistic 多神 Monotheistic 单神 Humanism 人文主義 Theism 神文主義 Hedonism 享樂 Asceticism 禁慾 For this world 今生 For the other world 來世 Secular life 世俗生話 Divine life 神明生活 Id (本我) Ego (自我)