组织行为学精要2.pptVIP

Copy Chapter 2Foundations of Individual Behavior Stephen P. Robbins Objectives List the dominant values in today抯 workforce Describe the relationship between satisfaction and productivity Explain the theory of cognitive dissonance Objectives (cont.) Summarize the relationship between attitudes and behaviors Explain how two people can see the same thing and interpret it differently Summarize attribution theory Outline the learning process Major Psychological Contributions of OB Learning Perception Attitudes Values Values Basic conviction: 揂 specific mode of conduct or end-stateof existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence.? Prioritizing of individual values Relative importance individual assigns to values such as: Freedom Pleasure Self-respect Value Systems Honesty Obedience Equality Terminal Values A comfortable life (a prosperous life) A sense of accomplishment (lasting contribution) A world of peace (free of war and conflict) A world of beauty (beauty of nature and the arts) Equality (brotherhood and equal opportunity for all) Family security (taking care of loved ones) Freedom (independence, free choice) Happiness (contentedness) Inner harmony (freedom from inner conflict) Pleasure (an enjoyable, leisurely life) Salvation (saved, eternal life) Social recognition (respect, admiration) True friendship (close companionship) Examples: Terminal and Instrumental Values in Rokeach Value Survey Instrumental Values Ambitious (hardworking, aspiring) Capable (competent, effective) Cheerful (lighthearted, joyful) Clean (neat, tidy) Courageous (standing up for your beliefs) Helpful (working for the welfare of others) Honest (sincere, truthful) Imaginative (daring, creative) Logical (consistent, rational) Loving (affectionate, tender) Obedient (dutiful, respectful) Polite (courteous, well mannered) Responsible (dependable, reliable) Source: Adapted from M. Rokeach, The Nature of Hum