化学学士学位毕业论文水热法制备硫化铅半导体材料及其表征.docVIP

学士学位论文 题目：水热法制备硫化铅半导体材料及其表征 姓 名 院 系 专 业 年 级 学 号 指导教师 水热法制备硫化铅半导体材料及其表征 本文用水热法以硝酸铅为铅源、硫脲为硫源并添加包復剂制备了硫化铅半导体材料。主要 考察表面活性剂(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和聚乙烯砒硌烷酮(PVP))的种类及用量对硫化铅结 构和形貌的影响。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、紫外可见光谱对产物进行了表征。实 验表明，产物为立方晶系，随着表面活性剂用量的增加，产物的纯度和结晶度增加；并且表面活性 剂的种类会影响产物的形貌。 关键词：半导体纳米材料；硫化铅；包覆剂；水热法 Shape-controlled syntheses of PbS semiconductor materials via hydrothermal method Li Lei (School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University Yantai 264025) Abstract PbS semiconductor with various morphologies were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. Pb(NC)3)2，thiorca and capping agents like cctyltrincthylarnmoniumbromidc (CTAB) and PVP were used as precursors for the syntheses. The effects of capping agent on the structure and shape of PbS crystals were investigated. The purified PbS crystals was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD)， UV-visible spectra, and Transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that PbS crystals belonged to cubic syngony，and the purity and crystallinity increased with the increase in the concentration of surfactant. The shapes of PbS crystals were affected by different surfactants. Key Words Semiconductor materials； PbS； Capping agent； Hydrothermalmethod 目录 TOC \o 1-5 \h \z 1弓I胃 1 1.1半导体材料概述 1 1.1.1半导体材料基础 1 HYPERLINK \l bookmark6 \o Current Document \h 1. 1.2纳米材料的特性 1 HYPERLINK \l bookmark7 \o Current Document \h 1.1.3半导体纳米材料现状及发展前景 2 HYPERLINK \l bookmark8 \o Current Document \h 1.2硫化铅半导体材料 3 HYPERLINK \l bookmark9 \o Current Document \h 1.2.1硫化铅半导体材料的性能及应用 3 HYPERLINK \l bookmark10 \o Current Document \h 1.2.2硫化铅半导体材料的制备方法 4 HYPERLINK \l bookmark11 \o Current Document \h 1.3本实验的研究意义 6 HYPERLINK \l bookmark12 \o Current Document \h 2实验部分 6 HYPERLINK \l bookmark13 \o Current Document \h 2.1实验试剂和仪器 6 HYPERLINK \l bookmark14 \o Current Document \h 2.2实验过程 7 HYPERLINK \l bookmark15 \o Current Document \h 2.3样品表征 7 HYPERLINK \l bookmark16 \o Current Document \h 3实验结果与讨论 7 HYPERLINK \l bookmark17 \o Current Do