跨文化交际英语(民族主义)Ethnocentrism__VS__Ethnorelativism.ppt

* Ethnocentrism, coined by William Graham Sumner, is the viewpoint that one’s ethnic group is the center of everything, against which all other groups are judged. Within culture, language, behavior, customs can be a basis for ethnic distinctions, and sub-divisions. In the modern world, however, the crossing of the lines between cultures, that at one time happened only occasionally, has become an everyday occurrence. Technological advances in communication have progressively overcome previous obstacles to communication--physical obstacles that once helped to keep ethnic distinctions distinct. Ethnic lines still exist, and co-exist, and cultures of the world often find that their central concern, that of maintaining an identity despite rapid transculturation, is still possible. In the modern world, however, the crossing of the lines between cultures, that at one time happened only occasionally, has become an everyday occurrence. Technological advances in communication have progressively overcome previous obstacles to communication--physical obstacles that once helped to keep ethnic distinctions distinct. Ethnic lines still exist, and co-exist, and cultures of the world often find that their central concern, that of maintaining an identity despite rapid transculturation, is still possible. The common response in all societies to other cultures is to judge them in terms of the values and customs of their own familiar culture. This is ethnocentrism. Being fond of your own way of life and condescending or even hostile but inferior, less sensible, and even “unnatural”. The common response in all societies to other cultures is to judge them in terms of the values and customs of their own familiar culture. This is ethnocentrism. Being fond of your own way of life and condescending or even hostile but inferior, less sensible, and even “unnatural”. European cultures strongly condemn other societies that practice polygamy and the eating of dogs---practices that European