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操作系统课程作业 1 操作系统作业 姓名，学号 1. Explain the difference between internal and external fragmentation. Answer: a. Internal fragmentation is the area in a region or a page that is not used by the job occupying that region or page. This space is unavailable for use by the system until that job is finished and the page or region is released. b. External fragmentation is unused space between allocated regions of memory. Typically external fragmentation results in memory regions that are too small to satisfy a memory request, but if we were to combine all the regions of external fragmentation, we would have enough memory to satisfy a memory request. 2. Most systems allow a program to allocate more memory to its address space during execution. Allocation of data in the heap segments of programs is an example of such allocated memory. What is required to support dynamic memory allocation in the following schemes? a. Contiguous memory allocation b. Pure segmentation c. Pure paging Answer: a. contiguous-memory allocation: might require relocation of the entire program since there is not enough space for the program to grow its allocated memory space. b. pure segmentation: might also require relocation of the s egment that needs to be extended since there is not enough space for the segment to grow its allocated memory space. c. pure paging: incremental allocation of new pages is possible in this scheme without requiring relocation of the program’s address space. 3. Compare the memory organization schemes of contiguous memory allocation, pure segmentation, and pure pagin