大棚种植对农业土壤环境胁迫.PDFVIP

业环境科学学报 园园8熏 7穴1雪:0243-0247 允燥怎则灶葬造 燥枣 粤早则燥鄄耘灶增蚤则燥灶皂藻灶贼 杂糟蚤藻灶糟藻 大棚种植对农业土壤环境的胁迫 1 1 2 1 2 颖恒 袁黄 艺 袁严昌荣 袁晁元卿 袁何文清 渊1. 北京大学环境科学与工程学院袁北京 100871 曰 2. 中国 业科学研究院农业环境与可持续发展研究所袁北京 100081冤 要院为研究集约化生产方式对 田环境的影响袁实验测定了河北省邯郸市永年县的大田和大棚两种不同种植方式下袁土壤微 生物尧重金属污染和有机磷 药残留的情况遥本研究分别使用平板计数法和氯仿熏蒸法测定土壤中微生物区系及其生物碳量曰采用 原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤和植物体内重金属含量曰采用气相色谱质 法测定土壤和植物体内有机磷农药残留量遥结果显示袁随 大棚使用年份的增加袁土壤中的细菌和放线菌数量显著增加袁而真菌数量显著减少袁即细菌真菌比上升袁说明大棚中农田微生物区 系结构仍处于较好的状态曰但同时微生物碳量明显减少袁间接反映大棚土壤养分压力的增加遥 污染物积累方面袁大棚土壤中的重金 属积累和有机磷农药残留均与大田情况相当遥 因此本研究认为袁短期渊20 a 冤内的大棚种植对 业土壤环境并未产生严重的胁迫遥另 外袁微生物作为 田土壤生态系统中重要的因子袁是土壤质量评价中较灵敏的指标遥 ： ；微生物；重金属；有机磷农药 关键词 大棚；土壤 中图分类号院X53 文献标识码院粤 文章编号院1672-2043(2008)01-0243-05 Influence of Greenhouse Cultivation on Agricultural Soil Environment 1 1 2 1 2 FEI Ying-heng , HUANG Yi , YAN Chang-rong , CHAO Yuan-qing , HE Wen-qing (1. College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; 2. Agro -environmental and Sustainable Development Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China) Abstract: To study the influence of greenhouse cultivation on agriculture soil environment, the samples of soils and plants were collected from open fields and greenhouses in Hebei Province and were examined in three aspects of microbes, heavy metals and organophosphorus pesticides. Amounts of microorganism and structure of microbial community were examined with the method of diluted plate counting, and the microbial biomass of carbon was determined with the chloroform-fumigation and incubation method. Contents of heavy metals and residues of organophosphorus pesticides in soils and plants were als