全球化導論結論Anntroductiontoglobalization.pptVIP

人類面臨的難題 James Hou / 2007 生態與環境危機 溫室效應與地球暖化 乾淨的飲水荒 酸雨與空氣汙染 自然災變(地震、海嘯、龍捲風、冰山溶解…) 人口與家庭問題 人類起源爭議 人口爆炸 糧荒 國際移民(移工) 人口老化(與少子化) 家庭結構變遷與家庭解組 婦女地位變遷 健康問題 安樂死 生命複製與道德倫理 生物科技與基因改造 愛滋病與病毒傳染 SARS、禽流感 精神疾病與心理健康 政治問題 民主化與解放極權體制 國家利益與目標 外交與權力均衡 國際秩序與大國意志 聯合國與國家主權爭議 戰爭與和平問題 戰爭根源與和平本質 國際維和部隊的角色 核戰威脅 民族與種族衝突 文明衝突 恐怖主義與反恐 宗教與信仰危機 文化融合可能嗎？ 新經濟？ 富國症候群 全球經濟或資本主義 經濟依賴與南北差距 外債 週期性經濟危機 市場或計畫 市場的限度 發展的極限 貿易保護主義vs.擴大海外市場 凱因斯主義vs.貨幣供應學派 其他議題 城市問題 文化保存問題 貪污與腐敗問題 毒品與跨國犯罪 IT與機器人的未來衝擊 海洋是未來希望所在嗎？ * It is likely that global population will increase from 6 B now to 9 B people by 2050. All of this increase will developing countries and almost entirely in urban areas. This is both an opportunity and a problem. The slowing of population growth and the growth in the proportion of the working age population mean that governments can move from keeping up with the increasing population to enhancing the quality of life for all their citizens. But this will happen only if people are well educated and have employment and investment opportunities. Urban transition: By 2050, for the first time in history , the majority of people in developing countries will be living in urban areas. The projected doubling of urban populations will make it necessary to invest in infrastructure and other capital which will affect land use, public space and energy use, and the quality of life everywhere. The demographic and urban transitions will also provide an opportunity to reverse the expansion of agriculture into terrestrial ecosystems- but they will create stresses on freshwater and coastal ecosystems. Taking action can avoid future regrets. The four fold increase in world gross domestic product will require major investments in health, education, and other infrastructure to expand capacity. It will also provide opportunities for income growth and employment creation. However, it also could potentially increase income equalities and create further social tensions.  Science and technology breakthroughs will have an imp