基于GIS的天然次生林保育区划-生态学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 随着天然林资源的消失和退化，人们意识到天然林保育的重要性和迫切性。 所谓天然林保育即对天然林资源及环境的保存、维护、合理利用、复原及改良 所以林业工作者不仅要考虑如何阻止天然林的消失和退化，还要考虑如何恢复培 育天然林资源，即要把保护、适度利用及培育兼顾起来。合理的森林保育区划是 实现这一目标的前提条件。 本文以帽儿山天然次生林作为研究对象，采用专家共同建构模式，建立天然 次生林小班保育等级评价体系。该评价体系分为3个层次，由4个指标、12个指 标变量构成。采用层次分析法(AHP)和主成分分析法(PCA)，获得各指标变量在小 班保育等级综合评价中的综合权重。以帽儿山1：50000地形图、1：10000的林 相图和数据库、NJ L,LLI林区数字高程模型作为数据源，利用GIS技术对数据处理 获得各小班保育等级评价值。以小班保育等级综合评价值作为划分小班保育等级 的依据，同时参照天然林保护的基本准则，以生态功能优先，保育生物多样性为 目的，将小班的保育等级划分为4级。遵循生态功能优先原则、景观生态原则、 目的效益可持续原则，以现有小班资料作为参考，根据《全国重点地区天然林保 护工程区森林分类区划技术规则》，结合帽JLLh天然次生林小班保育等级，将帽 儿山天然次生林划分为4个区、10个保育类型。该研究成果将有利于提出合理的 森林分类经营方案，为该地区合理有效、可持续的进行森林经营提供依据。 关键词： GIS天然次生林保育区划层次分析主成分分析 AbstractWith Abstract With naturnl forest loss and degradation，people have been aware of the urgency and importance of natural forest conversation．Natural forest eonversation is to preserve and to maintain and to use widely and to restore natural forest and j ts environment．So the forestry workers should consider not only how to prevent natural forest loss and degradation，but also how to eultivate natural forest．Reasonable forest division is prerequi site to carry out reasonable forest management． In the paper，sencondary forest in the Maoershan region was studied． Through the discussion of the，experts,the assessment system was established to define the conservation grading of sub compartments．In this system，there are 4 assessment indexes and 12 index variables．The synthetical weight of each index variable is gotten according to AHP and PCA．The basic datum include the relief map(1：50000)and forest map(1： 10000)and its database and Digital Elevation～lodel in Maoershan forestry centre in this research．the author gained the synthetical assessing valves of sub compartments by data procesing．On the basis of the synthetical assessing valves and the standards of the natural forest conservation，the sub compartments are divided into 4 conservation grading The division principles are as f01lows：ecological func％ion priority： landscape theory：objective be