嗜酸硫氧化细菌作用下元素硫化学形态研究进展-NSFC-OR.PDF

嗜酸硫氧化细菌作用下元素硫化学形态研究进展 ∗ 何环，夏金兰 , 彭安安，张成桂，邱冠周 (中南大学生物冶金教育部重点实验室，资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083) 摘 要：本论文对嗜酸硫氧化细菌系统多样性和细菌作用下硫化学形态及其研究进展进行了 综述。自然界中的硫元素以多种化学形态存在。嗜酸硫氧化细菌在元素硫循环中扮演重要角 色，在其细胞体内、体外和环境沉积物中存在着各种硫化学形态分布。单质硫经细菌细胞活 化后在细胞体内以硫球形式积累；还原型硫化合物可被细菌氧化至硫酸盐，其氧化中间态多 为单质硫或连多硫酸盐等，并存在一定的积累。目前关于嗜酸硫氧化细菌硫氧化过程机制的 研究十分有限，虽然已经鉴定出一些相关的氧化还原酶，但对于硫代谢过程中硫赋存的具体 化学形态了解甚少，导致对元素硫在细菌作用下的活化、转运和氧化过程远没有得到系统的 诠释。开展细菌作用下元素硫化学形态的研究可以为细菌硫代谢机制的阐明提供理论依据。 关键词: 嗜酸硫氧化细菌 元素硫 化学形态 中图分类号：Q939 文献标识码：A Progress in research on sulfur chemical speciation impacted by acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria HE huan, XIA Jin-lan*, PENG An-an, ZHANG Cheng-gui, QIU Guan-zhou (Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China) *Correspondence should be addressed, jlxia@mail.csu.edu.cn. Abstract: This review describes the development and current state of biodiversity of acidophilic sulfur-oxidation microorganisms and the chemical speciation of elemental sulfur impacted by them. The elemental sulfur is diverse in chemical speciation in nature. Sulfur-oxidizing acidophiles play significant roles in the natural sulfur cycle, in which the sulfur is distributed in different chemical speciation inside or outside the cells and in the deposit of the environment. The sulfur globules may be stored intracellularly after activated and transported by the bacteria; in some case the reduced sulfur compounds, with polythiosulfate and/or elemental sulfur as the main transient and sometimes possibly accumulated forms, can be oxidized to sulfuric acid. Up today, the molecular mechanism of sulfur oxidation process has not been