《深部钻探工艺方法及技术难点分析》-毕业论文设计（学术）.docVIP

l l 本科毕业论文（设计） 题目：深部钻探工艺方法及技术难点分析 院（系）： 工程学院 专业：勘查技术与工程  摘　要 科学深孔是通向地壳深部的通道，能够使人们直接、真实、客观了解地球的深部地层矿藏资源，探测地壳与上地幔的结构、物质组分、地温、地应力、地震、地电、地磁、地热等情况。对于发展地球科学和勘查技术，发展社会经济，改善人们的生活意义重大。但其代价和难度也是非同寻常。超深孔钻探技术又是钻探技术装备研制、钻探工程基础理论研究和钻进工艺水平的一项综合性成果。从技术装备来说，它是机械学、冶金学、电子学、工程力学等科学技术成果的集中表现，从钻探工艺来说，首先要解决一系列理论与实践的问题，如高温高压状态下岩石破碎机理和冲洗液胶体化学及水力学，钻杆柱之弹性力学、断裂力学、振动力学性质，高温高压状态下新材料、新工具、新钻头及其具体钻进与成井工艺等。 本文论述了一些常见的深部钻探技术与施工工艺，包括钻探设备的选择，钻孔结构的设计以及钻井液的选取等等。通过深孔钻探的实例分析与对比，总结了钻探过程中钻孔漏失、坍塌、掉块现象的解决办法；以及使用螺杆马达底驱动粗径钻具在深孔钻探中的防斜、纠斜工艺措施特点。探讨了深孔钻探技术面临的技术难点与挑战。这对于我国未来的超深孔科学钻探工程、地壳探测工程、国家油气战略选区研究和能源资源保障能力的战略部署等等具有一定指导意义。 关键词：钻探设备；泥浆问题；螺杆马达；射流式冲击器；防斜工艺  ABSTRACT Scientific deep hole is the channel leading to the deep crust. It can make people have a direct, real, objective understanding of the Earths mineral resources in deep strata and detect the structure of the crust and upper mantle, material composition, temperature, stress, earthquake, electricity, magnetic, geothermal and so on. On the other hand, it is significant for the development of earth science and exploration technology, the prosperity of social economy and the improvement of peoples living standard. However, its price and difficulty is extraordinary. Ultra-deep drilling technology is a comprehensive result combining the development of drilling technology equipment and the research of drilling engineering basic theory with drilling technology level. From the technical equipment perspective, it is the concentrated expression of the technological achievements of the mechanics,metallurgy,electronics,metallurgy,engineering mechanics and so on. From the drilling technique perspective, firstly there are a series of problem of theory and practice to solve such as the rock (under high temperature and high pressure condition )crushing mechanism and rinses colloid chemistry and hydraulics , drill column of elasticity mechanics, fracture mechanics and vibration mechanical properties ,and under high temperature and high pressure ,new materials ,