三峡工程说对长江三角洲冲淤影响.pptVIP

Table 2. Decrease in vertical accretion rate in response to t he decline in river sediment load, 1978-1997 versus 1958-1978. Period 1958-1978 1978-1997 Deposition of riverine sediment supply SSD, 106t/yr 466 394 SSC, kg/m3 0.543 0.448 Within the study region % 59 15 106t/yr 277 59 Outside the study region % 41 85 106t/yr 189 335 Accretion and erosion over the study region Accretion Area km2 4522 3332 % 76 56 Volume, km3/yr 0.338 0.148 Vertical accretion rate, mm/yr 74 42 Erosion Area km2 1309 2202 % 22 37 Volume, km3/yr -0.111 -0.0998 Vertical accretion rate, mm/yr -79 -42 Net accretion Volume, km3/yr 0.227 0.0482 Vertical accretion rate, mm/yr 38 8 Table 3. Comparison of accretion and erosion between he inner subaqueous delta and the outer subaqueous delta*. Period Inner subaqueous delta Outer subaqueous delta Area, % Net vertical accretion rate, mm/yr Area, % Net vertical accretion rate, mm/yr Accretion Erosion Accretion Erosion 1958-1978 68 30 25 84 14 51 1978-1997 57 36 14 55 38 2 * The inner subaqueous delta and the outer subaqueous delta, separated by 122.3°E, occupies 51% and 49% of the study region, respectively. As in Table 2, accretion area and erosion area is an area with the vertical accretion rate of 5 mm/yr and -5 mm/yr, respectively. ASD means annual sediment discharge. *Yichang Station. ** The ratio is directly proportional to SSC, which in the 1990s was 82.8% of that in the 1960s. # Datong Station. 海平面上升和河流输沙率减少共同作用下今后20年潮滩（崇明东滩、九段沙 横沙东滩之和）面积损失及其占现存潮滩的比例估算 ? 海平面 上 升速率 ? 河流输沙率 低估计(4mm/a) 中估计(6mm/a) 高估计(8mm/a) 面积损失 （km2） % 面积损失 （km2） % 面积损失 （km2） % 低估计 (1.5亿吨/年) ? 准同步法* 127 37 133 39 138 40 权重法* 202 59 207 60 213 62 中估计 (2.0亿吨/年) 准同步法* 77 22 82 24 88 26 权重法* 140 41 145 42 151 44 高估计 (2.5亿吨/年) ? 准同步法* 26 7 31 9 36 11 权重法* 78 23 83 24 89 26 结语 1 近50年来，长江流域水土流失面积和产沙量将近翻倍。 2近50年来，长江流域水库库容由接近零增大到月2000亿m3.淤积 在库内的泥 沙于库容呈正比例增加，从1960s 年代开始，河 流入海泥