低压智能电容器自适应过零投切技术的研究.docVIP

低压智能电容器自适应过零投切技术的研究 Research on Adaptive Zero-crossing Switching Technology of Low Voltage Intelligent Power Capacitor 王砼1，陈丽安1，刘涛2 （1.厦门理工学院电气工程与自动化学院） （2.厦门明翰电气股份有限公司） WANG Tong1 CHEN Li-an1 LIU Tao2 (1. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen (2.Xiamen MingHan Electric Co., Ltd, Xiamen 361009) 摘要：提出一种用于智能电容器的基于电压零点闭环控制的自适应过零同步投切技术。采用模拟电路检测电压零点以及反馈投切时刻。在现有基础上改进磁保持继电器驱动电路，提高磁保持继电器动作一致性。简化采样计算环节，提高自适应控制的准确性和稳定性。实验结果表明，该技术具有稳定、可靠的自适应控制效果以及对低压电容器投入涌流的限制作用，能够有效地将91.4%的投入涌流控制在1.6倍以下，99.7%的涌流控制在2.0倍以下。 关键词：智能电容器；同步开关；自适应控制；过零投切 [Abstract] An adaptive zero-crossing switching technology for the intelligent power capacitor based on closed loop control of zero voltage was presented in this paper. Analog circuits were applied for catching zero point of voltage and feeding back the switching time. The drive circuits of magnetic latching relay were improved so that its action time has greater consistency. By simplifying the process of sampling and calculating, the stability and accuracy of adaptive control have been improved. The experimental results show that this technology has a stable and reliable effect on adaptive control as well as the result of limiting the inrush current of switching power capacitor. It is proved that the 91.4% of surge is limited below 1.6, and 99.7% of surge is limited below 2.0. [Key Words] Intelligent power capacitor; Synchronous switch; Adaptive control; Zero-crossing switching [中图分类号] TM7 [文献标识码] A ０ 引言 随着无功补偿技术在0.4kV低压电网中的广泛使用，用于低压无功补偿的电力电容器随之也被大量应用［1］。使用晶闸管投切电容器［2］的方法造价高、电路损耗大且会对线路造成谐波污染。针对上述问题提出的晶闸管与接触器配合投切电容器［3］结构复杂，应用困难。引入电器智能化概念后，智能投切电容器技术逐渐取代了传统投切技术。文献［4］提出的智能低压电力电容器，采用零投切开关（包括双向晶闸管、磁保持继电器及RC阻容吸收保护等部分）配合智能控制器投切电容器，在投切方式以及智能化方面都有一定的改进，但开关结构复杂，采样环节多，运算繁琐，造价成本较高，难以广泛应用。同步开关技术，即选相开关技术，在中高压领域电容器组投切装置中被广泛地应用，取得较为理想的效果［5］。同步开关技术被越来越多地应用于低压电容器的投切装置中［6］。但同步投切技术所采用开关的驱动电压、动作次数、个体差异等都对其动作时间造成影响，导致开关动作时间分散性较大。同步投切技术难以准确地实现在过零点投切。文献［7-8］均采用基于电流反馈的自适应过零投切技术，在控制上实现了自适应过零投切。普通电流互感器测量瞬时涌流的准确度有限，难以达到反馈要求。