基于KLT与Mean-Shift的目标跟踪研究-计算机应用技术专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 实时图像序列目标跟踪是计算机视觉领域的一个经典问题，它涉及了数字图像处 理、计算机应用、模式识别、数学等相关领域的知识，已经被广泛地运用到人机交 互、电视监控系统、视频解压缩、智能交通系统等众多领域。如何提高跟踪算法的 鲁棒性以及精确性成为目标跟踪领域的重点研究内容。本文主要研究了基于 KLT 与 Mean-Shift 算法的目标跟踪，在对二者的缺陷进行改进后，设计了一种双跟踪系统， 实现了对目标的准确跟踪。 本文研究内容包括以下几个方面： 1) 首先详述了 Harris 角点检测算法，介绍了极线几何原理，分析了基本矩阵的 估计，结合 RANSAC 算法实现了对基本矩阵的鲁棒性估计；针对 Harris 算法 缺乏尺度信息、KLT 算法对目标的较大运动性能下降等缺点，提出了改进的 方法，将其扩展到多尺度空间下来进行目标检测及跟踪。 2) 介绍了 Mean-Shift 算法的基本理论，证明其收敛性，并将 Mean-Shift 算法应 用到目标跟踪领域，针对该算法在跟踪领域的缺陷，提出了相应的改进方法： （a）当目标的颜色与背景相近时，提出了空间直方图的解决方案；（b）针对 核带宽的尺度问题，提出了基于仿射结构的解决方案；（c）针对目标模型更 新问题，给出了部分模型分量更新的策略。 3) 设计了基于 KLT 与 Mean-Shift 改进算法双跟踪系统，讨论了跟踪系统运行的 基本软硬件环境，重点分析了算法执行流程、实验步骤以及实验结果。 关键词：目标跟踪 Harris 角点检测 基本矩阵 KLT 算法 Mean-Shift 算法 Abstract Real-Time Object Track in Image Sequences is a classic problem in Computer-Vision, it refers knowledge in many fields such as digital image processing, computer application, pattern recognition, mathematics, et al. It has been widely applied to human-computer interaction, television monitoring systems, video compression solutions, intelligent traffic systems and so on, how to improve the robust and accuracy of tracking algorithm is the focus of the current work. In this paper, we focused on object track which is based on KLT and Mean-Shift algorithm, after improving the limitations of tracking algorithm, we design a dual tracking system that can track objects accurately. The major aspects presented in this thesis are: Firstly, describing harris corner detection and epipolar geometry in detail. Analyzing the estimation of fundamental matrix, By combining with RANSAC algorithm, we get a robust estimation of fundamental matrix. Because Harris corner detection lacks necessary scale information and KLT tracking becomes powerless when cameras are in relatively fast motion, we presented an improved method, which projected them to multi-scale space for tracking and detection. Introducing the basic theory of Mean-Shift algorithm and proving it to be convergence, applying Mean-Shift algorit