高考英语一词多义、熟词僻义.pptx

最熟悉的“陌生人”——高考英语一词多义、熟词僻义 厦门双十中学 王庆华 2017-12-08playavenue词 汇阅读之本完形之根写作之魂 Wilkinson (1972) once said: Without grammar, very little can be conveyed; Without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.词汇应掌握的度?音pronunciation形spellingpolysemymeaning义性part of speech用usage音、形、义、性、用如：appreciate 音： 英?[?pri???e?t] 美?[?pri??et] 形 ：appreciate 义:鉴赏；感激 性：动词appreciation 名词 用：①后面接代词、名词或动词-ing形式作宾语,即 appreciate sth., appreciate doing sth. ② I would appreciate it if… 如果……，我将不胜感激。 back?[b?k]名词： 1. 背部；背2. 后部、后面；末尾 3. 脊柱；脊梁骨4. （椅子等的）靠背 5. （书等的）最后几页、末尾形容词：1. 背后的；后面的2. 过去的；旧时的a back number of the magazine 一份过期杂志3. 到期未付的；拖欠的back pay/tax/rent副词：1. 向后；在后；在背面2. 与（某物）有距离 3. 控制住；忍住4. 回原处；恢复原状5. 以前动词： 1. （使）后退，倒退2. 帮助；支持 3. 下赌注于4. 伴奏；伴唱5. 位于（某物的）后面Have a try!1. A?warm?sunshine?announces?the?coming?of?spring.2. Her?new?hat?certainly?becomes?her.3. He was aching for home.4. Who?did?it?still?remains?cloudy.5. The?dining?car?was?coupled?onto?the?last?coach(车厢).6. Don’t?be?cross?with?him—after?all，he?meant?to?help.7. We’re of the same build.8. I will leave you to do as you like.9. The wooden bridge is not strong enough to allow the passage of lorries.10. She pictured herself at school in a foreign country.显示、预告适于、适合渴望不明朗的 联合、连接生气的体格、体型听任通过、通行想象所谓熟词生义的“生”，是相对而言的。一般分为两种情况：1、一种是一词多义中的衍生义，只是这个衍生义与基本义间的联系不容易想到，这需要在日常词汇学习时，培养结合具体的语境由词汇的基本义推测其衍生义的能力；2、另一种是“生义”与基本义联系不紧密，不需要建立彼此间的联系，这需要在词汇学习时注意一些低义频的释义，特别是与基本义联系不大的释义。例：2017年全国I卷阅读理解D篇A build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器）is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. readily1.quicky and easily 快速地，便利地e.g. Boats are readily available to visitors. 游客可以很方便地租到船只。 The information is readily accessible on the internet. 这些信息在因特网一查就能找到。 2. quickly, willingly and without complaining 乐意地e.g. Jack readily agreed to help. 杰克爽快地答应帮忙。To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep.across 熟义:v. 横过、越过 生义:1.到/在……对面（adv./prep.）e.g. He lives across the street. The sc