第十一章植物衰老及编程性细胞死亡..pptVIP

绒毡层细胞不能及时降解，花药不能正常发育 E, epidermis; En, endothecium; ML, middle layer; T, tapetum; Ms, microsporocyte; Tds, tetrads; Msp, microspore; MP, mature pollen; SPC, secondary parietal cell; SC, sporogenous cell 绒毡层细胞没哟及时进入PCD程序，细胞逐渐液泡化，体积增大，充满了整个药室。 TDR直接促进Osc6和OsCP1的表达 通过与其启动子区的结合来调控表达 ASP：aspartic proteases 天冬氨酸蛋白酶 PCD in gametophytic development stomium When does the stomium formation? PCS1 encode an aspartic protease（天门冬氨酸蛋白酶） functions, which encodes an aspartic protease, has an important role in determining the fate of cells in embryonic development and in reproduction processes. PCS1 Wild type and transgenic flowers of Arabidopsis. PCS1 was fused with 35S promoter and the flower was treated with ethyle. Promotion cell survival 1,( PCS1) in Arabidopsis Ge X et al., 2005 WT 35s:PCS1 Septum: 膈膜 Stomium:裂缝 What significance? 转基因植株中隔膜和裂缝不能发生PCD，阻止了花药的散发 植物在受到病原物侵染时会导致局部细胞死亡，称为超敏反应。某些植物凭借这种超敏反应阻断病菌的继续入侵。超敏反应中的细胞死亡具有明显的PCD特征 Senescence and Programmed Cell Death in Plants 7.1 Senescence in plants 7.2 The mechanism of senescence in leaves 7.3 Programmed cell death in plants 7.4 The mechanism of PCD Keller(1972) and Wylli(1980) raised the concept of apoptosis in animal development. 率先在动物中发现PCD PCD is also called as apoptosis in animal science 细胞凋亡 Nematodes (线虫）Caenorhabditis elegans There are 1090 cells produced during embryogenesis of nematodes. The matured embryo consists of 959 cells and the other 131 cells died through the way of PCD. ? 线虫 Cell death Cell death ced3- What function does ced3 has? Cell death ced9- ced3- What function does ced9 has? Cell death ced3- ced9- ced9- ced3- What is the relationship between ced3 and ced9? Cell death ced3- ced9- ced9- ced3- ced9 ced4 ced3 BCL2 Apaf1 caspase ced9 ced4 ced3 BCL2 Apaf1 caspase Genes for PCD in animals Organism Gene Protein Function n Nematodes ced-3 ICE 半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶 ced-4 钙结合蛋白