Advances in Well CompletionStimulation for Shale Gas Reservoirs（页岩气藏的完井增产技术进展）.pptxVIP

Advances in Well Completion/Stimulation for Shale Gas ReservoirsOutline? Introduction? Shale Gas Reservoirs - Advances in Completions? Shale Gas Reservoirs – Advances in Stimulation? Adaptations and Innovations: Tools, Fluids, Proppants? Case Histories? Potentials and Opportunities in China? Challenges: Putting it Together? SummaryGlobal Energy Picture – Energy Use by Fuel Type (1990 – 2035)HistoryProjections250200150 LiquidsCoalQuadrillion BTU Natural gas100 Renewables 50 Nuclear 0199020002007201520252035YearEIA, International Energy Outlook 2010Global Distribution of Unconventional GasResourcesNPC Global Oil and Gas Study 2007Energy Consumption and Projection (U.S., China and India)2009Projections HistoryUnited States30ChinaIndi5 0Percent of world total199019952000200720152020202520302035Year EIA, International Energy Outlook 2010Unconventional Gas ProductionTrends in the U.S.Source: Kuuskraa et al., 2007Overview of Tight Gas Reservoirs? Tight gas reservoirs are gas bearing formations withpermeability less than 0.1 mD. They can besandstone or carbonate.? The nature of tight gas reservoirs is dictated bydepositional and post-depositional conditions.? Examples include:Cotton Valley Sand in East Texas, Clevelandformation in North East Texas, Jonah Field inWyoming, Granite Wash formation in NorthernTexas, and Xujiahe formation in ChinaTight Gas/Shale ReservoirsEvaluation and AppraisalDevelopment/ Stimulation ResourceIdentificationDevelopment of Shale Gas Reservoirs? The objective in developing shale gas reservoirsis to maximize reservoir volume contact to the wellas economically as possible.? Requires the identification of “sweet spots”. Thepresence of sweet spots depends on (Rushing etal., 2008)–Depositional geology–Diagenetic effects–Hydrodynamic properties–Tectonic activity Development of Shale Gas Reservoirs? Developmental strategies have evolved over the years (TOTAL, EP 2007) – Vertical wells with multiple fractures – Horizontal wells with multistage f