广药选修药物流行病学第5章-实验亲流行病学.pptVIP

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广药选修药物流行病学第5章-实验亲流行病学.ppt

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广药选修药物流行病学第5章-实验亲流行病学

第五章广东药学院姚振江 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 学习目的实验流行病学的定义实验流行病学的特点实验流行病学的分类实验流行病学的设计实验流行病学的强势与弱势 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 推荐参考文献吴涛, 詹思延, 李立明. 流行病学实验研究发展历史. 中华流行病学杂志 2004; 25(7): 633-636. … 历史发展 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1747年苏格兰医师James Lind首次对比研究了用桔子、柠檬及其他干预治疗坏血病的疗效 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. On May 20, 1747 he is ready to begin the first clinical nutrition experiment. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. group 1 drank one quart of cider a day group 2 gargled with sulfuric acid group 3 had two spoonfuls of vinegar, 3 times a day group 4 drank 1/2-pint seawater a day group 5 drank barley water group 6 ate two oranges and 1 lemon a day How did he conduct his experiment? Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. What happened? Only sailors who ate the oranges and lemon felt better. In fact, in only six days they felt great and were able to start working again. The other sailors in the experiment felt worse. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1816年法国Hamilton医师首次报道了爱丁堡的一项大型对照实验，评价放血疗法的效果，这是迄今为止有关采用交替法产生对照的最早记载之一。 ‘It had been so arranged, that this number was admitted, alternately, in such a manner that each of us had one third of the whole. The sick were indiscriminately received, and were attended as nearly as possible with the same care and accommodated with the same com