土木工程采购模式和合同类型选择.pptVIP

* 2）成本加定比费用合同（Cost-plus Percentage Fee) C=Cd（1+P） C：总造价； Cd：实际发生的直接费； P：双方事先商定的固定酬金百分比。 成本补偿合同形式 * 成本补偿合同形式 工程实际成本 罚款 酬金 速度 金额 顶点135% 概算（100%）报价 成本底点60% 0 Cd=C0, C=Cd+F CdC0, C=Cd+F+△F CdC0, C=Cd+F-△F C0, 预期成本 △F，酬金增减部分，可以是 百分比，或固定的绝对数 3） 成本加浮动酬金合同（Cost-plus Incentive Fee) * 成本补偿合同形式 4） 目标成本加奖励 C=Cd+p1C0+p2(C0-Cd) C0：目标成本； p1：基本酬金百分比； p2：奖励酬金百分比 * 成本补偿合同形式 5) 成本加固定最大酬金合同（Cost-plus Upset Max) 工程实际成本 不予支付 支付全部成本 及杂项费用 速度 金额 最高成本总额 报价指标成本 最低成本总额 0 只支付全部成本 支付全部成本、 杂项费用及酬 金，并分享节余 * CPFC and SSC are basic type of contracts at opposite ends of a hypothetical scale of risk. Variations on these two types lie between them on the scale. The most important of these is the Guaranteed maximum cost-plus-fee contract, with a sharing clause that reflects the distribution of risk. To an owner in a CPFC there are two kinds of costs: (1) costs are defined( generally, direct costs), and (2) the fee as defined( generally, to cover the indirect costs of the work). Definitions of costs and fee are critical. These are also known as (1) the reimbursable costs, and (2) the non-reimbursable costs. Summary of Key Points for CPFC * (3) Costs of work are direct costs of labor, materials, equipment, and job overhead costs, and the indirect costs of operating (office) overhead and profit. The basic unit for estimating and cost accounting is the item of work. Labor costs are direct costs of wages, statutory payments, benefits, and costs for such things as traveling , board, and lodging. Productivity also affects labor costs. Material costs are affected by quality, quantity, time( seasonal demand), place, credit, and discounts. Summary of Key Points for CPFC * (7) Plants and equipment costs depend on depreciation, maintenance, investment costs, and the costs of mobilization, demobilization, and operation; also working and idle time. (8) Job overhead costs include supervision( often the largest cost), premiums for insurances and bonds, fees for permits , costs of security and protection, tempor