草甸物种多样性、功能多样性与初级生产力关系的影响.PDFVIP

植物生态学报 2011, 35 (11): 1136–1147 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01136 Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 刈割、施肥和浇水对高寒草甸物种多样性、功能多 样性与初级生产力关系的影响 李晓刚 朱志红* 周晓松 袁芙蓉 樊瑞俭 许曼丽 陕西师范大学生命科学学院, 西安 710062 摘 要 通过在高寒矮嵩草(Kobresia humilis)草甸为期4年的刈割( 留茬1 cm、3 cm及不刈割) 、施肥(尿素7.5 g·m–2 ·a–1 +磷酸二 –2 ·a–1 、不施肥)和浇水(20.1 kg·m–2 ·a–1 、不浇水)控制实验, 对该生态系统中功能多样性与物种多样性的变化及其与初 铵1.8 g·m 级生产力关系进行了研究。结果表明: 刈割和施肥显著影响植物性状和生产力, 而浇水作用微弱。刈割对物种多样性无影响, 但对不同功能多样性指数的影响不同; 施肥降低了物种多样性和以所有性状(除植株高度外)量化的功能多样性; 浇水仅对物 种丰富度有微弱影响。各功能多样性的平均值能更好地反映群落物种间的功能差异。功能多样性和物种多样性呈正相关或不 相关, 且二者与初级生产力的关系可表现为正相关、负相关和不相关, 说明三者间的关系是性状依赖的, 并受生境资源状况 和刈割扰动的影响。植物功能性状对群落初级生产力有更加直接的影响。在考虑生物多样性对生态系统功能的影响时, 应更 加注重对植物功能属性变化的研究。 关键词 生物多样性, 生态系统功能, 放牧, 生境资源, 植物性状 Effects of clipping, fertilizing and watering on the relationship between species diversity, functional diversity and primary productivity in alpine meadow of China * LI Xiao-Gang, ZHU Zhi-Hong , ZHOU Xiao-Song, YUAN Fu-Rong, FAN Rui-Jian, and XU Man-Li College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China Abstract Aims Although much attention has been paid for the relationship between the biodiversity and ecosystem func- tioning, little is known about the ecosystem consequences of changes. In addition, the question whether species diversity (SD) can co-vary with functional diversity (FD) is unanswered. We used the Rao index to quantify FD in order to explore this question through comparison of different components of biodiversity and their effects on primary productivity (PP). Methods A field manipulation experiment was conducted in alpine meadow at the Haibei Research Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2007