《从低温煤焦油中提取混合酚的项目建议书》-毕业设计（论文）.docVIP

精品毕业论文 从低温煤焦油中提取混合酚的项目建议书 宁夏大学化学化工学院 化学工程与工艺专业 2012届 摘要：低温煤焦油是煤低温干馏生产兰炭、煤气的副产品，成分非常复杂，尤其是酚类物质占很大比例。由于酚类物质会使油品的残炭量增加、味臭、变色、具有腐蚀性及燃烧情况不好等负面作用，因此它的存在对油品是一种有害物质，但将其从煤焦油中分离精制作为化工原料却是极有价值的。以酚类为原料，可以生产许多种产品如：塑料、粘结剂、杀虫剂、消毒剂、表面活性剂、鞣剂等。随着工业的迅速发展，对酚类物质的需求量也逐渐增加。因此，从中低温煤焦油中提取酚类物质是对煤中低温焦油综合利用的有效途径之一。 平罗地区每天要生产数千吨煤焦油，但是由于对煤焦油的用途缺乏了解，再加上低温煤焦油的颜色和气味，所以在当地来讲，只重视了煤炭、焦炭、兰炭的生产和销售，却忽视了对低温煤焦油的利用，使得大量的煤焦油资源外流。 本项目以平罗县某厂的低温煤焦油为原料，采用酸碱法对其中所含酚类物质进行提取，对低温煤焦油中低级酚的利用在很大程度上提高了低温煤焦油利用的经济意义、环保意义及社会效益。 关键词：低温煤焦油;酚类物质;酸碱分解法;馏分油 Project Proposal on Mixed Phenols from Low Temperature Coal Tar ABSTRACT Low temperature coal tar is one of the by-products of the processing to produce semi coke and gas from carbonization of coal．It includes many kinds of complex compounds especially phenols．The phenols are hazardous substances as they can increase the carbon residual，foul smell，discoloration，corrosion，bad combustion conditions and other negative effects for fuel oil from low temperature coal tar, but it is valuable to be as chemical raw materials if we extract it from the low temperature coal tar．As raw material，phenols can produce many kinds of products such as plastics，adhesives，pesticides，disinfectants，surfactants，tanning agents and so on，as well as to improve the quality of fuel products．With the rapid development of industry, the demand of the phenols also increased significantly．Therefore，extraction of phenols from low temperature coal tar is an effective way of comprehensive utilization for coal tar． The county PingLuo produces thousands of tons of low temperature coal tar per day．However，due to a lack of knowledge on the use of low temperature coal tar and the bad color and odor，the people there only pay more attention on selling coal，coke and semi coke，which creates enormous waste to the resources． The typical low temperature coal was taken from the county PingLuo as the object so, the acid—alkali decomposition method to extract phenols was researched in this article. It will be largely increas