A.C.Hoffmann-5Cyclone Separation Efficiency外文电子书籍.pdfVIP

5 Cyclone Separation Efficiency In the previous chapter we have examined various models for predicting the velocity distributions in cyclones. In this chapter we wish to first present a brief discussion of the issues, and to then present some of the literature models available for computing cyclone separation efficiency. 5.1 Discussion There are basically two modeling concepts for cyclone separation efficiency in the literature: the ‘equilibrium-orbit’ models and ‘time-of-flight’ models. Figure 5.1.1a illustrates the concept behind the equilibrium-orbit models. They consider the imagined cylindrical surface CS that is formed by continu- ing the vortex finder wall to the bottom of the cyclone. These models are based on a force balance on a particle that is rotating in CS at radius Rx = 1 Dx . In 2 this balance the outwardly directed centrifugal force1 is balanced against the inward drag caused by the gas flowing through, and normal to, surface CS and into the inner part of the vortex. The centrifugal force is proportional to the particle mass and therefore to x3 while the (Stokesian) drag is propor- , tional to x (Chap. 2). Large particles are therefore “centrifuged” out to the cyclone wall, and small particles are dragged in and escape out the vortex tube. The particle size for which the two forces balance (the size that ‘orbits in equilibrium’ in CS) is taken as the cyclone’s x50 or cut size. As such, it is the particle size that stands a 50-50 chance of being captured. This particle size is of fundamental importance and is a measure of the intrinsic separation capability of the cyclone. As discussed in the previous chapter, all the gas velocity components are assumed constant over CS for the computation