虚拟语气概念与练习.docxVIP

虚拟语气 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。 虚拟语气可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况，时态的基本特点是时态往后推移。 a. 与现在事实相反的假设 条件从句 主句 一般过去时（be用were） should（would）等 +动词原形 例如：If they were here, they would help you. 如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。 含义：They are not here, they can’t help you. b. 与过去事实相反的假设 条件从句 主句 过去完成时 should（would）等+ have+ 过去分词 例如：If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。 　 　 含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. c. 表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想 条件从句 主句 一般过去时 should/would等 + 动词原形 were+ 不定式 should+ 动词原形 例如：If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的。 　 If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. 含义：You are not likely to succeed, everything will be what it is now. 练一练： 1. —The weather has been very hot and dry. —Yes. If it had rained even a drop，things would be much better now！And my vegetables ________. A．wouldn’t die　　 　 B．didn’t die C．hadn’t died　　 　 D．wouldn’t have died 2. But for the help of my English teacher，I _______ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A．would not win　　　　 B．would not have won C．would win 　　　 D．would have won 3. This printer is of good quality. If it ______ break down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense. A．would 　　　 B．should C．could　　　 D．might 4. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ________ yesterday. A．was happening　　　 B．happens C．has happened　　　 D．happened 5. Without the help of my English teacher，I ________ the first prize in the English Speaking Competition. A．would win　　　 B．would have won C．would not win　　　 D．would not have won 2 混合条件句 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。例如： 　　If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） If it had rained last night（过去）, it would be very cold today （现在）.如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。 练一练： 1. “If I hadn’t pract