丙戊酸钠对青春期女性患者的内分小泌影响.pptVIP

* 读片 Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Versus Polycystic Ovaries (PCO). It is important to distinguish between polycystic ovaries (PCO) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). PCO is frequently defined by ultrasonographic and anatomic criteria as the presence of multiple ovarian cysts 2 to 8 mm in diameter and increased ovarian stroma and/or size.1 As noted earlier, PCO is not intrinsically pathologic.2 The definition of PCOS differs in the United States and Europe: In the United States, PCOS is defined as a metabolic syndrome, and anatomic changes need not be present for diagnosis. In Europe, PCOS generally is defined as PCO in the presence of 1 or more clinical signs of endocrine dysfunction, such as menstrual irregularity, hirsutism, or infertility. An NIH consensus conference on PCOS specified 3 criteria for diagnosing the disorder1: (1) presence of ovulatory dysfunction, polymenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, or amenorrhea; (2) clinical evidence of hyperandrogenism or hyperandrogenemia; and (3) exclusion of other endocrinopathies (eg, Cushing syndrome, hypothyroidism, or late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia). Anatomical evidence of subcapsular cysts (eg, by ultrasonagraphy) is not considered a diagnostic criterion for PCOS by the NIH.2 References 1. Duncan S. Epilepsia. 2001;42(suppl 3):60-65. 2. Ernst CL, et al. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63:(suppl 4):42-55. * 不同妇女人群中PCOS的患病率：其中生育年龄妇女为4%-12%，未治疗癫痫组为10.5%, 丙戊酸钠治疗组为11.1%，卡马西平治疗组为10%。可以看出，丙戊酸钠组的PCOS的患病率与生育年龄组及未治疗癫痫组没有差异。 Prevalence of PCOS in Various Populations of Women. The prevalence of PCOS among reproductive-age women has been estimated at 4% to 12%.1 Bauer studied 93 women with epilepsy and found that the incidence of PCOS was 10.5% in an untreated group, 11.1% in a valproate-treated group, and 10% in a carbamazepine-treated group.2 A study of women undergoing electrolysis in Alabama found that 12% had PCOS.1 Bilo et al reported that 15% of 20 women with idiopathic generalized epilepsy had PCOS.2 Herzog et al