急性胃肠炎郑病毒e.pptVIP

Gastrointestinal Viruses Viral Gastroenteritis It is thought that viruses are responsible for up to 3/4 of all infective diarrhoeas. Viral gastroenteritis is the second most common viral illness after upper respiratory tract infection. In developing countries, viral gastroenteritis is a major killer of infants who are undernourished. Rotaviruses are responsible for half a million deaths a year. Many different types of viruses are found in the gut but only some are associated with gastroenteritis. Associated with gastroenteritis Rotaviruses Adenoviruses 40 41 Caliciviruses嵌杯病毒 Norwalk like viruses or SRSV (Small Round Structured Viruses) Astroviruses SRV (Small Round Viruses) Coronaviruses Toroviruses Found in the gut, not normally associated with gastroenteritis Polio Coxsackie A Coxsackie B Echo Enteroviruses 68-71 Hepatitis A Hepatitis E Adenoviruses 1-39 Reoviruses Found in the gut as opportunistic infection CMV HSV VZV HIV Gastrointestinal Viruses Virus Genome Typical disease incubation Duration Rotaviruses: Group A, B, C ds-segmented RNA Major cause of diarrhea in children 1-3 days 24-56 h 5-8 days 3-7 days Caliciviruses Norwalk agents ssRNA Infects adults and children Epidemic viral gastroenteritis 1-3 days 18-24 h 1-3 days 12-48 h EAd 40,41 Linear dsRNA diarrhea in children 7-8 days 8-12 d Astrovirus +ssRNA Infects mainly children and elderly 1-4 days 1-4 d Gastrointestinal Viruses Infants: Rotavirus A; Adenovirus 40,41; Coxsackie A24 virus Infants, children, and adults Norwalk virus; Calicivirus嵌杯病毒; astrovirus; Rotavirus B; Reovirus. Human Rotavirus Important Characteristics 70 nm round, double shelled, enclosing a genome of 11 segments of double stranded RNA. Groups of Rotaviruses Group A subtypes 1, 2, 3, 4 (main human pathogens)(Further 7 subtypes) also infect animals (monkey, calf, mouse) Group B Infects pigs and ratsFound to cause extensive outbreaks in China in past decade Group C Infects Pigs (Occasio