《微生物浸磷》-毕业论文设计（可用）.docVIP

武汉工程大学本科毕业论文 PAGE I 摘 要 微生物浸磷是一种较好的利用磷矿的方式，但目前还不能够工业化，为了能够提高磷矿的利用率，本实验首先活化了黑曲霉菌种，然后采用不同浓度亚硝酸钠(NaNO2)、盐酸羟胺（H2OH·HCl）溶液诱变处理等方法处理黑曲霉菌，根据培养皿上菌落的溶磷指数筛选出最优菌种和最适宜的诱变剂浓度，用挑选出的菌种做液体溶磷实验，进而浸出难溶性磷酸盐中的可溶性磷，测出滤液中磷（P）的吸光度，滤液的pH值。实验结果表明：质量分数为2%的亚硝酸钠溶液的诱变效果最好，质量分数为2%的盐酸羟胺溶液的诱变效果最好；溶解磷酸钙的效果比溶解磷酸铝的效果好；盐酸羟胺诱变的菌株溶解磷酸钙能获得最大的P浸出率；溶液的pH会随着P的浸出而下降。 关键词：黑曲霉菌；亚硝酸钠；盐酸羟胺；诱变；浸磷 Abstract Microbial leaching phosphorus is a good manner of using phosphate rock, but it is not able to industrialization. In order to improve the utilization rate of phosphate rock, firstly this experiment activates the Aspergillus niger, and then used different concentration of sodium nitrate (NaNO2), hydroxyl hydrochloric acid amine (H2OH · HCl) solution mutation processing method to deal with Aspergillus niger . According to the dissolved phosphorus index of A.niger ,which is cultured on the PDA plate,to confirm the best and the most appropriate strains and mutagen concentration. With the selected species do the liquid soluble phosphate experiment, and leaching hard dissolved the soluble phosphate phosphorus, measure the filtrate phosphorus (P) in the spectrophotometry, the pH of the concentration. The results show: Mutagenesis effect of 2% NaNO2 or 2% H2OH·HCl is the best; the effect of Dissolving calcium phosphate is better then dissolving aluminum phosphate ; Using strains which were dealed with H2OH·HCl to dissolve calcium phosphate can get the most P leaching rate; with the leaching of P , and the pH of solution could decline . Keywords:Aspergillus niger；NaNO2；H2OH·HCl；mutation；leaching of phosphorus  目 录 TOC \* MERGEFORMAT 摘 要 PAGEREF _Toc4646 I Abstract PAGEREF _Toc8020 II 第一章 文献综述 PAGEREF _Toc940 1 1.1 微生物浸磷 PAGEREF _Toc19816 1 1.1.1 生物技术 PAGEREF _Toc31895 1 1.1.2生物湿法冶金 PAGEREF _Toc14290 1 1.1.3 磷矿的作用及其分布情况 PAGEREF _Toc8699 3 1.1.4 主要浸出微生物 PAGEREF _Toc28006 3 1.2 黑曲霉菌 PAGEREF _Toc5410 4 1.3诱变育种 PAGEREF _Toc18661 6 1.3.1 亚硝酸钠化学诱变育种机理 PAGEREF _Toc4583 7 1.3.2 盐酸羟胺诱变育种机理 PAGEREF _Toc