绦概带曼cest红odes.ppt

Cestodes Platyhelminthes (the flatworms): Class Trematoda (The flukes or trematodes) Class Cestoda (The tapeworms or Cestodes) Characteristics: 1 Adult lives in the intestine of vertebrates. 2 One or two intermediate hosts. 3 Humans may serve as final host or intermediate host (Transport host or Paratenic host) 4 Hermaphroditic. 5 The nutrition of tapeworms is through integument (skin) as they lack digestive tract. Cestodes They have suckers or sucking grooves and teeth that grasp the host (Holdfast organs) Behind a short neck are repeated parts of the worm, each containing reproductive structures with eggs and sperm. Strobila 1 Tiny scolex 2 Strobila which makes up most of the “worm” 3 The strobila consists of a linear series of proglottids 4 Each mature proglottid carries a set of female and male reproductive organs Classification of cestodes Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworm) Class Cestoda Two important orders: Order Pseudophyllidea : Spirometra mansoni Diphyllobothrium latum( fish tapeworm) Order Cyclophyllidea : Teania solium (pork tapeworm) Teania saginata (beef tapeworm) Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid worm) The scolex is the part of the worm that anchors it to the intestinal epithelium and prevents that the worm is passed with the digested food. Strobilation Strobilation: asexual process of forming segments New proglottids are continuously formed in the neck just below the scolex (A) Along the length of the worm the proglottids increase in size and maturity, developing from premature (B) to mature (C) to the “gravid” stage (D) in which essentially the entire proglottid is filled with the uterus and eggs. Developmental stages With very few exceptions vertebrates are the final host harboring the adult tape worms Many invertebrates and vertebrates are parasitized as intermediate hosts The embryonate egg contains the oncosphere a larva tha