高考语法料名词性从句.pptVIP

Lecture 2 名词性从句 NOUN CLAUSES 名词 1.名词： 表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。 2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语,宾语,表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语,状语。 名词性从句 名词性从句： 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当 这个句子就叫名词性从句。 名词性从句的种类： 名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的关联词 连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever 连接副词 how, why, when, where， however, wherever 连接词 that, whether, if, because，as if /as though（不充当从句的任何成分） 注：在名词性从句中一律用陈述句的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。 The problem is what he has done to the little boy. How he succeeded is unknown to us. Where we should hold the meeting needs to be discussed. 名词性从句的种类 名词性从句 1.主语从句 在句中作主语的句子叫主语从句 主语从句联系词 从属连词that，whether 连接代词what, who, which, whatever, whoever 连接副词how,when,where, why等 1.1 that 引导主语从句1that引导主语从句时不同于其他的连词，在主语从句中无任何意义，也不充当任何成分，只是单纯的连词，起连接作用，通常不可以省略。 That he stole a bike was true. That he will win is certain. that2that从句可以置于句首,强调that引导的主语从句，连词that不可省略。 1.That he would take the risk is true. 2.That the driver could not control his car was obvious. that3通常情况下，that引导主语从句时，常用it做形式主语，而将that-从句置于句尾，在这结构中连词that有时可以省略。 1.It made us very happy that she was chosen. 2. It isn’t surprising (that) he has married her. that4以that分词为主语的句子是疑问句，只能用先行it结构。 1. Is it certain that he will come? 2. Is it true that he will take the risk? that5 it做形式主语置于句首时 It +be +形容词+that –从句 It+be+名词词组+that-分句 It + be+ -ed分词+ that-从句 it +be+不及物动词+that-从句 例句 It is likely that he will come. It is a pity that he missed the train. It is said that he is a famous writer. It seems that he is wrong. (Should) do 1 在表示惊讶、喜悦、遗憾、等感情色彩时，that-从句中的谓语动词也常用（should）+动词原形 It is important that he (should) attend the meeting. 2在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的被动结构中，that-分句中的谓语动词常用（should）do It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held this afternoon. 1.2whether引导主语从句 意为“是否”，只起链接作用，不充当任何成分。 Whether he will come is uncertain. whether引导主语从句 1从句置于句首时必须用whether引导 2置于句尾时，有时if可以和whether交换。 Whether she comes or not doesn’t concern me. I don’t concern whether/if she comes. 1.3连接代词和连接副词 在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。 Who will win the match is