固床工于河川栖地改善之数值研究NumericalSimulationofthe.PDFVIP

水土保持學報 36(1) ：71-84 (2004) Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 36(1) ：71-84 (2004) 固床工於河川棲地改善之數值研究 (1) (2) (2) (2) 王傳益 薄榮鋼 張耿偉 李昱廷 摘要 過去河川治理規劃藉由各種橫向與縱向水工結構物來調整水流，目的在於防止縱、橫向侵 蝕以穩定溪床與泥砂的輸送。隨著近年來對於河川生態保育意識的覺醒，吾人發現過去的工法 忽略溪流生態的重要性，因此本文希望在工法上予以改善。欲創造出更適合溪流生物棲息之生 活環境，必先將治理工法加以調整，使其對生態環境之破壞性降至最低。本研究利用BOSS 公 司之SMS 模式(Surface Water Modeling System) ，針對不同水力條件下之固床工型式與設置間距 進行模擬，期能於考量安全與生態之條件下，提出固床工之最佳配置模式。 經研選模式以RMA2(Resource Management Associates) 模擬流況，可獲致較精確之結果。 藉由該模式分析結果顯示，鋸齒式固床工較傳統式固床工之消能與整流效果為佳。整體而言， 於中高流量流況下，鋸齒式固床工間距為4 倍河寬間距時，棲地流況歧異度最高，此結果與物 理實驗結果一致。當固床工鋸齒間距為鋸齒寬度之0.5 倍時，亦可獲致相似之結果。以上述模 式配置固床工，較能營造多樣化的棲地環境，有利於水中生物之生存。 （關鍵字：SMS模式、鋸齒式固床工、流況歧異度） Numerical Simulation of the Improvement in River Habitat of Consolidation Work Chuan-Yi Wang, Jung-Kang Po, Keng-Wei Chang, Yu-Ting Lee Associate Professor, Master, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan 402, R.O.C ABSTRACT River regulation structures have been placed to prevent the lengthwise and transverse erosion, and to stabilize the river bed and the soil delivery in the past. However, limited attention was placed on the river habitats. The prevention works need to be revised to create an environment suitable for the organism, and to minimize the depredation on the environment.The objective of this study was to conduct simulations using SMS Model (Surface Water Modeling System) developed by the BOSS Company to search for the optimum arrangements of the consolidation works with consideration of both safety and ecological conditions. It was found that relative accurate flow phenomena can be simulated using RMA2 (Resource Management Associates) model. The results of the simulations indicated that the saw-to