科技英语写作(下).pptVIP

EST Writing XIII. Writing The Paper Introduction A research paper may be a term paper for a university course, a published article in a journal, and a thesis or a dissertation as a partial requirement for a university degree. It is usually a lengthy documented report that focuses upon an academic topic and it is intended to inform the audience in the relevant field about the research topic, purpose, methods, results (findings), conclusions, and recommendations. Introduction A research paper expresses the author’s understanding of the topic based on experiments, facts, data, and analyses. It is objective rather than subjective although the author’s personal values, insights, and experiences have a great influence on the whole process. Introduction A research paper is usually made up of the following parts: Title page Acknowledgements (optional) Outline (optional) Abstract The text of the paper (introduction, body, and conclusion) Notes (optional) Works cited Appendix (optional) Introduction In the process of accomplishing a research paper, five necessary steps are usually taken: Selecting a Research Topic Collecting Literatures, Evaluating the Sources an