不同有机物料还田与减氮施肥对麦田碳氮水足迹及生态服务价值的影响生态学专业论文.docxVIP

ABSTRACTA ABSTRACT A series of agricultural problems resulting from laying one-sided emphasis hi曲yield has received considerable attention，such the decline of farmland quality,low utilization efficiency of fertilizers，and environmental pollution．To implement organic material to soil，Can not only overcome some adverse effects caused by single application of N fertilizer,but also address agricultural waste(such as straw,manure)pollution problems．In this research,three kinds of organic material were chosen to add in field combined with the reduction of N fertilizer．And the treatments were set as：adding N fertilizer only(OK)，directly returning straw to farmland with 90％pure nitrogen of CK(J)，returning manure the basis of 85％pure nitrogen of CK(毋and returning fungi residues slurry the basis of 85％pure nitrogen of CK(Jz)．The chemical and physical character of soil and the growing situation of wheat in different treatments were measured．The effects of replacing part of nitrogen fertilizer by organic material the ecological footprint and ecological service value of wheat ecosystem has also been analyzed．The results were as follows： 1．The water preservation capacity ofthe soil especially 80-lOOcm soil moisture has been considerably strengthened by organic material returning．And the water efficiency of wheat fields in manure returning treatment were also increased than those of CK．The three treatments significantly increased the Fv／Fm value of wheat leaves after jointing stage．J treatment significantly increased the soil inverses activity,JF treatment significantly increased the soil inverses activity at the late Stage of Wheat。The three treatments significantly stimulated the growth of winter wheat than CK，J treatment increases dry matter accumulation significantly,JF treatment has better effect increasing the grains per spike and grain number,The three treatments significantly increased grain yield． 2．Returning different organic materials to field contributed to the accumul