石墨层间化合物剥离制备石墨烯及其性能研究材料科学与工程专业论文.docxVIP

北京化工大学硕士学位论文脱除；当热处理温度超过800。C时，插层剂短时间迅速气化脱除，蒸汽 北京化工大学硕士学位论文 脱除；当热处理温度超过800。C时，插层剂短时间迅速气化脱除，蒸汽 压超过了片层间的作用力，产物会发生明显的体积膨胀，片层间距明显增 大，形成类似于蠕虫状的结构，经过短时间、低功率的超声清洗处理，即 可得到片层尺寸10哪以上、片层厚度2—8 nin的石墨烯纳米薄片。随着 热膨胀温度的升高，制得产物的片层厚度由集中于5 nrll以上逐渐降低为 2．4 nlTl。该方法制得的石墨烯薄片，片层间仍然残留有一定量的过渡金属 化合物，会对石墨烯的性能产生影响。 本课题的创新点是发现了一条新的制备石墨烯的路径，该路径不需要 使用强氧化剂对石墨进行处理，天然石墨经过插层、热膨胀以及简单的超 声处理即可制得片层尺寸较大的石墨烯纳米薄片，并且制得的石墨烯的片 层尺寸可以达到几十微米。 关键词：石墨烯，石墨层间化合物，热膨胀，氯化铝，氯化铁 万方数据 ABsTRACTPREPARATION ABsTRACT PREPARATION OF GRAPHENE BY EXFOLIATION OF GRAPHITE INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS AND ITS PROPERTIES ABSTRACT Graphene is the first two-dimensional atomic crystal that researchers found． The one-atom—thick fabric of carbon combines extreme mechanical strength， exceptionally high electronic and thermal conductivities，and other excellent performance，all ofwhich make graphene hi曲ly attractive for many application areas．Over the past decade，the preparation of graphene has been into a great breakthrough，but the large—scale，commercial preparation of graphene still has many problems．Kilograms of graphene oxide call be obtained using a redox method．But the oxidation ofgraphite introduces oxygen-containing groups and defects in the graphene sheets，resulting in reducing the electrical and thermal properties． In this paper,we describe a new method for the preparation of graphene． We use graphite intercalation compounds(GICs)as a precursor to produce graphene by high-temperature thermal expansion．With the CO—intercalators of ferric chloride(FeCl3)and aluminum chloride(A1C13)，GICs has been successfully obtained from natural graphite．AICl3 can be vaporized at relatively low temperatures and FeCl3 Can provide chlorine(C12)for the intercalation 万方数据 万方数据 万方数据 北京化工大学硕士学位论文reaction．GICs 北京化工大学硕士学位论文 reaction．GICs can be prepared in relatively mild conditions with the use of co— intercalators．We find that A1C13 carl not insert the graphite layers without C12． GICs is successfully obtained above 1 80。C with the simultaneous use ofFeCl3 and A