第二章 英译汉的翻译过程及英汉语言、文化对比 1.ppt

第二章　英译汉的翻译过程及英汉语言、文化对比 Section 1 E-C Translation Process 英译汉的翻译过程 理解原文 译文表达 校核阶段 1. 理解原文 1.1 理解语言现象 词汇现象 语法现象 1.2 理解逻辑关系 1.3 理解原文所涉及的事物 A. 词汇现象 a. 根据上下文确定词义 Life is full of ups and downs. 人生充满了欢乐与痛苦。 He has seen the ups and downs in the history of the relations between the two countries. 他经历了两国关系史上的分分合合。 The wedding, which Heyward still remembered with pride ,was attended by a whos who of Boston Society. 赫华德仍然记得，参加婚礼的人中有波士顿的一位社会名流，这使他感到十分得意。 There was no lady about him. He was what the woman would call a manly man. That was why they like him. 他这人没有一点女人气。他是女人们称之为男子汉的那种人。这正是他们喜欢他的原因所在。 My handwriting was so bad that after taking dictation, I couldn’t translate it. 我字迹太潦草了，做完口授笔录后，自己也辨识/辨认不清写的什么。 b. 根据词性确定词义 On his way home he bought some apples at a fruit stand. 他回家时，在路上的水果摊上买了些苹果。 The ship righted itself after the big wave had passed． 大浪过后，船又平稳了。（动词） I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness.　 然而，我认为，对大多数人来说，只要工作量不是太大，即使所做的事再单调也总比无所事事好受。 c. 根据搭配习惯确定词义 He once again imparted to us great knowledge, experience and wisdom. 我们又一次领受了他的广博知识，丰富的经验和无穷的智慧。 subtle Her whole attitude had had a subtle change. There are subtle differences in meaning between these two words. I fall for that subtle plot every time! An artist has subtler awareness of color values than an ordinary person. The old craftsman has subtle fingers. 微妙的、细微的、狡猾的、敏锐的、灵巧的 …yet, as it sometimes happens that a person departs his life, who is really deserving of the praises the stone-cutter carves over his bones; who is a good Christian, a good parent, a good child, a good wife or a good husband; who actually does have a disconsolate family to mourn his loss; …(W. M. Thackeray: Vanity Fair) ……不过偶尔也有几个死人当得起石匠刻在他们朽骨上的好话。真的是虔诚的教徒，慈爱的父母，孝顺的儿女，贤良的妻子，尽职的丈夫，他们家里人也的确哀思绵绵地追悼他们；…… （如果译成“好教徒、好父母、好儿女、好妻子、好丈夫”，译文就显得平淡无味。） d. 根据感情色彩确定词义 It was mid-August and the subject for